Senin, 01 Februari 2021

Myanmar military coup: 'Our world turned upside down overnight' - BBC News

Myanmar woke to the news on Monday that the military was seizing control of the country.

"I guess I'll be live tweeting a coup now," former Reuters journalist Aye Min Thant wrote on Twitter shortly before 07:00 local time (00:30 GMT).

"Things are still pretty quiet for now, though people are awake and scared. I've been fielding calls since 6am from friends and relatives. The internet is in and out and my sim card no longer works."

It said the top army commander was in charge and a one-year state of emergency had been declared. The country's civilian leader, Aung San Suu Kyi, had been detained, along with other members of her National League for Democracy (NLD) party.

The move followed a landslide win by Ms Suu Kyi's party in an election in November that the army claims was marred by fraud. Ms Suu Kyi has urged her supporters to "protest against the coup".

Myanmar, also known as Burma, was ruled by the armed forces until 2011, when democratic reforms led by Ms Suu Kyi ended military rule.

One resident of Myanmar's main city, Yangon, told the BBC she was ready to head out for an early morning walk when she received a message from a friend telling her of Ms Suu Kyi's detention.

The 25-year-old, who asked not to be named for fear of reprisals, immediately logged on to social media.

"Waking up to learn your world has been completely turned upside down overnight was not a new feeling, but a feeling that I thought that we had moved on from, and one that I never thought we'd be forced to feel again," she said, reflecting on her childhood under military rule.

"What really hit me was seeing how our regional ministers were all detained. Because this meant that they really took everyone, not just Aung San Suu Kyi," she added.

The arrest of regional lawmaker Pa Pa Han was livestreamed on Facebook by her husband.

Political activists, including filmmaker Min Htin Ko Ko Gyi, were also reported to have been detained.

The Assistance Association for Political Prisoners (AAPP) in Myanmar told the BBC it had documented the arrests of at least 42 officials, and 16 civil society activists.

It said the process of verifying names was ongoing, while noting that some detainees had been released later in the day.

'Military cars roaming the city'

"We woke up with the news of the military coup in the early morning and some of our friends were detained," a local activist, who we are keeping anonymous, told the BBC's Newsday programme.

"The internet connectivity is not there anymore... I can't go out and use my phone, there is no data at all. This is what's happening right now. There are military cars roaming around the city," she said.

Local journalist Cape Diamond tweeted that in the capital, Nay Pyi Daw, there had been no signal from 04:00 to 11:15 local time. "No call, No Wifi," he later wrote on Twitter.

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Myanmar's internet disruption

By BBC Reality Check

As the military took hold of power, internet disruption affected large areas.

The restrictions began at 03:00 on Monday local time. Internet connectivity dropped to 50% of normal levels of internet connectivity by 08:00.

The data shows disruptions impacting networks operators including state-owned Myanma Posts and Telecommunications (MPT) and an international operator Telenor, according to internet monitoring service Netblocks.

Netblocks say its findings indicate a "centrally ordered mechanism of disruption… progressing over time as operators comply".

By midday, internet connectivity appeared to be back up to 75%.

The Myanmar government has restricted the internet before, especially in areas in Rakhine and Chin states, where the army is fighting local groups.

Article 77 of Myanmar's Telecommunications Law passed in 2013 permits the government to cut off telecommunications during a national emergency.

However, human rights groups have called for the law to be amended to protect freedom of expression.

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International and domestic TV channels, including the state broadcaster, went off air.

The bright red flags of the NLD were taken off of homes and businesses in Yangon.

"My neighbour just took down his NLD flag... The fear of violence is real," journalist and researcher Annie Zaman wrote on Twitter.

She later shared a video of a flag being removed at a local market.

The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites.View original tweet on Twitter
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People stocked up on essential supplies and queued at ATMs. Banks suspended services because of poor internet connections but said they would resume from Tuesday.

BBC Burmese Service journalist Nyein Chan Aye said the mood in Yangon was of "fear, anger and frustration".

He said that after rushing out to buy staple supplies, like rice, many people were staying indoors waiting to see what happens next.

People line up outside a bank branch in Yangon, Myanmar, 1 February 2021.
Reuters

Climate of fear

It is been a tough time economically for many in Myanmar, and the arrival of a coup has had many fearing for basics.

Ma Nan, a trader in Yangon, told the BBC: "I'm worried if the price [of goods] will go up. I am worried because my daughter hasn't finished her school [education]. It's only halfway. Also this is the time of pandemic."

Than Than Nyunt, a housewife in Yanong, was also worried that the price of goods would rise and "people will revolt", adding "I hope that Aung San Suu Kyi and her colleagues will be freed sooner rather than later."

The fears are real if this coup means a return to the kind of life under the military rule of the 1990s and 2000s.

Military crackdown in Yangon 1988
Science Photo Library

The military had staged a bloody coup in 1988, with thousands dying as a student-led uprising against a Soviet-style one-party rule was put down.

Ms Suu Kyi rose to prominence at the time and battled military rule and human rights abuses for two decades, after the military had refused to accept her election win of 1990.

Life was punctuated by corruption, fluctuating prices, repression of daily life, chronic malnourishment in some areas and ethnic strife in others. Many are now concerned about what will come next.

"We are currently trying to tell ourselves that we will move on because we've moved on from worse before," the 25-year-old in Yangon told the BBC. "But I wish we didn't have to do that, I wish we didn't have to tell ourselves to be strong."

'Street markets open'

Some military supporters, however, celebrated the coup, parading through the city blasting patriotic music.

The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites.View original tweet on Twitter
Presentational white space

Griffin Hotchkiss, an American expat who has lived in Myanmar for about six years, said he saw a "caravan of pro-military civilians blasting loud music and 'celebrating' - while people (whom I know to be NLD supporters) on my street were visibly angry".

Some were surprised that the fallout was not more extreme.

On a trip into Yangon, Mr Hotchkiss said that "besides some army vehicles in the City Hall compound nothing looked out of the ordinary".

Military supporters drive-by police trucks parked aside the Streets in Yangon.
Getty Images

Later in the day, Mr Hotchkiss noticed that while there were "far fewer people", many shops appeared to be open and doing business.

Michael Ghilezan, who lives in Yangon with his Burmese wife, said he had "expected to see people marching down the streets in protests, and military vehicles stationed around the city. But none of that happened".

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2021-02-01 19:59:00Z
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Myanmar military seize power, as leader Aung San Suu Kyi detained – BBC News - BBC News

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  1. Myanmar military seize power, as leader Aung San Suu Kyi detained – BBC News  BBC News
  2. Myanmar coup: Aung San Suu Kyi detained as military seizes control  BBC News
  3. China wins now that Aung San Suu Kyi’s experiment has been killed off  The Independent
  4. Myanmar coup reverses a fragile democracy  Financial Times
  5. Aung San Suu Kyi’s reputation is tarnished, but she is not Myanmar  The Guardian
  6. View Full coverage on Google News

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2021-02-01 18:19:23Z
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Myanmar military coup: 'Our world turned upside down overnight' - BBC News

Myanmar woke to the news on Monday that the military was seizing control of the country.

"I guess I'll be live tweeting a coup now," former Reuters journalist Aye Min Thant wrote on Twitter shortly before 07:00 local time (00:30 GMT).

"Things are still pretty quiet for now, though people are awake and scared. I've been fielding calls since 6am from friends and relatives. The internet is in and out and my sim card no longer works."

It said the top army commander was in charge and a one-year state of emergency had been declared. The country's civilian leader, Aung San Suu Kyi, had been detained, along with other members of her National League for Democracy (NLD) party.

The move followed a landslide win by Ms Suu Kyi's party in an election in November that the army claims was marred by fraud. Ms Suu Kyi has urged her supporters to "not accept this" and to "protest against the coup".

Myanmar, also known as Burma, was ruled by the armed forces until 2011, when democratic reforms led by Ms Suu Kyi ended military rule.

One resident of Myanmar's main city, Yangon, told the BBC she was ready to head out for an early morning walk when she received a message from a friend telling her of Ms Suu Kyi's detention.

The 25-year-old, who asked not to be named for fear of reprisals, immediately logged on to social media. She said it was like waking up to a nightmare.

"Waking up to learn your world has been completely turned upside down overnight was not a new feeling, but a feeling that I thought that we had moved on from, and one that I never thought we'd be forced to feel again," she said, reflecting on her childhood under military rule.

"What really hit me - what got me shaking, almost breaking into tears - was seeing how our regional ministers were all detained. Because this meant that they really took everyone, not just Aung San Suu Kyi," she added.

The arrest of regional lawmaker Pa Pa Han was livestreamed on Facebook by her husband.

Political activists, including filmmaker Min Htin Ko Ko Gyi, were also reported to have been detained in the early hours of Monday morning.

The Assistance Association for Political Prisoners (AAPP) in Myanmar told the BBC it had documented the arrests of at least 42 officials, and 16 civil society activists.

It said the process of verifying names was ongoing, while noting that some detainees had been released later in the day.

'Military cars roaming the city'

"We woke up with the news of the military coup in the early morning and some of our friends were detained," a local activist, who we are keeping anonymous, told the BBC's Newsday programme.

"The internet connectivity is not there anymore... I can't go out and use my phone, there is no data at all.

"This is what's happening right now. There are military cars roaming around the city," she said.

Local journalist Cape Diamond tweeted that in the capital, Naypyidaw, there had been no signal from 04:00 to 11:15 local time.

"No call, No Wifi," he later wrote on Twitter.

Presentational grey line

Myanmar's internet disruption

By BBC Reality Check

As the military took hold of power, internet disruption affected large parts of the country.

The restrictions began at 03:00 on Monday local time. Internet connectivity dropped to 50% of normal levels of internet connectivity by 08:00.

The data shows disruptions impacting networks operators including state-owned Myanma Posts and Telecommunications (MPT) and an international operator Telenor, according to internet monitoring service Netblocks.

Netblocks say its findings indicate a "centrally ordered mechanism of disruption… progressing over time as operators comply".

By midday, internet connectivity appeared to be back up to 75%.

The Myanmar government has restricted the internet before, especially in areas in Rakhine and Chin states, where the army is fighting local groups.

Article 77 of Myanmar's Telecommunications Law passed in 2013 permits the government to cut off telecommunications during a national emergency.

However, human rights groups have called for the law to be amended to protect freedom of expression.

Presentational grey line

International and domestic TV channels, including the state broadcaster, went off air.

The bright red flags of the NLD were taken off of homes and businesses in Yangon following the military's announcement.

"My neighbour just took down his NLD flag... The fear of violence is real," journalist and researcher Annie Zaman wrote on Twitter.

She later shared a video of a flag being removed at a local market.

The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites.View original tweet on Twitter
Presentational white space

People stocked up on essential supplies at markets and queued at ATMs. Banks suspended services because of poor internet connections but said they would resume from Tuesday, according to reports.

"It's extremely upsetting - I don't want the coup," a 64-year-old Burmese man in Yangon's Hlaing township told AFP news agency while standing with a crowd outside a grocery stall.

BBC Burmese Service journalist Nyein Chan Aye said the mood in Yangon was of "fear, anger and frustration".

People line up outside a bank branch in Yangon, Myanmar, 1 February 2021.
Reuters

He said that after rushing out to buy staple supplies, like rice, many people were staying indoors waiting to see what happens next.

'Street markets open'

Some military supporters, however, celebrated the coup, parading through the city blasting patriotic music.

The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites.View original tweet on Twitter
Presentational white space

Griffin Hotchkiss, an American expat who has lived in Myanmar for about six years, said he saw a "caravan of pro-military civilians blasting loud music and 'celebrating' - while people (whom I know to be NLD supporters) on my street were visibly angry".

Some were surprised that the fallout was not more extreme.

On a trip into downtown Yangon on Monday morning, Mr Hotchkiss said that "besides some army vehicles in the City Hall compound nothing looked out of the ordinary".

"Street markets were open and people were riding buses".

Military supporters drive-by police trucks parked aside the Streets in Yangon.
Getty Images

He saw some construction workers leaving the city and was told that they had been sent home because of the issues with mobile networks.

Later in the day, Mr Hotchkiss noticed that while there were "far fewer people", many shops appeared to be open and doing business.

Michael Ghilezan, who lives in Yangon with his Burmese wife, said he had "expected to see people marching down the streets in protests, and military vehicles stationed around the city. But none of that happened".

But many are concerned about what will come next.

"We are currently trying to tell ourselves that we will move on because we've moved on from worse before," the 25-year-old in Yangon told the BBC.

"But I wish we didn't have to do that, I wish we didn't have to tell ourselves to be strong."

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2021-02-01 17:52:00Z
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South African variant: Hancock says we ‘need to come down hard’ on strain and warns Brits in infected areas to - The Sun

MATT Hancock today warned Brits we need to "come down hard" on the new South African variant as he ordered those in infected areas to stay inside - and get tested.

The Health Secretary issued the fresh warning as he revealed 9.2million people have now had their first vaccine - with nearly one million people getting a jab over the last weekend alone.

🦠 Read our coronavirus live blog for the latest news & updates

Matt Hancock warned Brits in several postcodes to stay inside and get tested
Matt Hancock warned Brits in several postcodes to stay inside and get testedCredit: Crown Copyright

Ministers vowed to track down every single case of the new variant - which is feared to be 50 per cent more contagious than the original strain.

Earlier today it was revealed that 80,000 Brits will be asked to take a door-to-door Covid test after more than 100 cases of the South African variant were discovered across the country.

Some of them hadn't travelled recently either - meaning there is now community transmission of the virus.

The mutation, which emerged from South Africa, and is named 501YV2, but there is no evidence that it causes more severe disease.

Mr Hancock said tonight: "We’ve now identified 105 cases of this variant here - 11 of those cases don’t appear to have any links to international travel.

"There’s currently no evidence to suggest this variant is any more severe but we need to come down on it hard."

Anyone in the W7, N17, CR4, WS2, ME15, EN10, GU21 or PR9 postcodes will be asked to get a test.

He added: "If you live in one of these postcodes where we’re sending in enhanced testing then it’s imperative that you stay at home and you get a test even if you don’t have symptoms.

"This is so important so we can break the chain of the transmission of this new variant and we’ve got to bring this virus to heel.

"This is a stark reminder the fight against this virus isn’t over yet."

It comes as:

And he went on to admit that there "may be further cases" of the South Africa variant that authorities don't yet know about - and the UK's expert scientists are trying to spot them.

Mr Hancock refused to rule out taking tougher action in the areas identified to crack downon the strain.

He said: "Of course further measures are always there but we already have this very strong set of rules, indeed very strong laws in place against people travelling unnecessarily.

"If you’re in an area where the new variant has been found, then stay at home and let’s get this new variant totally under control."

Susan Hopkins of PHE said today that thankfully, three of the vaccines have shown early results that they will work against the South African variant.

She added: "We expect all other vaccines to have a similar level of effectiveness particularly in reducing hospitalisations and death and we’re doing detailed laboratory studies at the moment with the South African variant growing in the labs - so we’ll be able to estimate that with greater robustness over the next couple of weeks."

VAX GOOD

It came as 931,204 vaccinations took place just this weekend, he told the nation at the daily press conference, and over half of people in their 70s have got the jab too.

Nine in ten over 80s have had their first dose, and every care home looking after older adults has had an offer of a jab for all residents and staff, he said.

Today the UK has also ordered another 40million vaccine doses from Valneva, he revealed, in a boost for the country's supply.

His appearance comes after Britain's record-breaking vaccination day yesterday, when more than 600,000 people across the country received a dose.

That means around 1 per cent of the entire adult population were given a jab in the space of just 24 hours.

Meanwhile a leaked Cabinet Office dossier showed the number of infections across the country is now "stabilising".

Ministers have been briefed that hospital admissions are going down but deaths will remain high for several more weeks, according to Politico.

Health minister Helen Whately said the news the rollout of vaccines to care homes is almost complete is "really tremendous news" for the whole country.

She told Sky News: "We all know they've had such a hard time during this pandemic. It's such a big moment.

"We said they would be top priority for the vaccination and we've gone in and we're delivering on that.

"It does feel like a real milestone for our care homes. It's been such a dark time and now this is a moment to give them hope and some protection against this tremendously cruel virus."

But she also warned it will be several weeks at best before any restrictions in care homes can be relaxed, as the vaccine takes time to come into effect.

She said: "At the moment it is too soon. We have had care home residents only just vaccinated."

Vaccinations at care homes are now almost complete
Vaccinations at care homes are now almost completeCredit: Reuters

On Saturday it also emerged early data shows vaccinations are already beginning to ease the pandemic and reduce cases.

Anthony Harden, deputy chairman of the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI) said there is evidence Brits are being protected by the jabs.

He added studies show the effect of vaccines is still building a month after one dose, supporting the UK's decision to increase the wait between the first and second jabs to innoculate as many people as possible

Yesterday Mr Hancock said he hopes for a “great British summer” as the jabs rollout continues ahead of schedule.

But Ms Whately also said it was "too soon" to discuss Britain giving away some of its vast vaccine stockpile to other places, such as the EU, that have struggled with supplies.

NO MORE TIERS?

It came as Boris Johnson said earlier he may ditch regional tiers in favour of lifting rules across the country at the same time.

But he stressed he hadn't made any firm decisions yet, and was keeping an "open mind" on it.

It came after reports emerged last week he may ditch the local approach and put blanket rules in place across the country.

It may mean that people in areas where the cases are lower and lockdown is working better, might then have to wait longer for the whole of England to come out of restrictions.

The PM told reporters: "It may be that a national approach, going down the tiers in a national way, might be better this time round, given that the disease is behaving much more nationally.

"If you look at the way the new variant has taken off across the country, it's a pretty national phenomenon.

"The charts I see, we're all sort of moving pretty much in the same sort of way, I mean there are a few discrepancies, a few differences, so it may be that we will go for a national approach but there may be an advantage still in some regional differentiation as well.

"I'm keeping an open mind on that."

The Tiers system has been in place since last September - but ministers have been pursuing a regional approach since the summer.

Tier 1, with just rule of six and the 10pm curfew, and Tier 2, with no mixing inside, allowed for some freedoms and businesses to remain open.

Tougher Tiers and eventually the national lockdown has seen nearly everything shut down again to stop the spread of the virus.

Places with higher infections were put into higher tiers, and areas where the virus wasn't spreading were allowed to carry on as near to normal as possible.

Across the country there have been huge regional differences depending on the time they have been in or out of lockdown or Tiers for.

London and the South East recently saw cases drop faster after going into Tier 4 earlier than the rest of the country.

Brits should be able to enjoy a 'happy and free Great British summer' with most UK adults vaccinated, says Matt Hancock

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2021-02-01 17:12:00Z
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Myanmar coup: How the military disrupted the internet - BBC News

Facebook is popular in Myanmar, where internet usage has grown in recent years
Getty Images

As the Myanmar military took power over the weekend following their accusations of election fraud, internet disruption affected large parts of the country.

The full extent of the disruption only lasted a few hours, after which many services returned.

So what was happening?

How the internet dropped off

The restrictions to the internet were reported on Monday at 03:00 local time (20:30 GMT on Sunday).

Internet connectivity had dropped to 50% of normal levels by 08:00 local time as people were waking up and starting their day to the news of the military takeover.

"Army cut off the state media TV and radios, local phone line and internet getting disabled across the country," tweeted Burmese Reuters journalist Wa Lone.

The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites.View original tweet on Twitter

Data from the internet monitoring service Netblocks shows disruptions on network operators, including state-owned Myanma Posts and Telecommunications (MPT) and an international operator Telenor.

Netblocks says its findings indicate a "centrally ordered mechanism of disruption...progressing over time as operators comply".

By midday, internet connectivity had returned to 75% of normal activity.

A blockaded road in Naypyidaw, the capital
Getty Images

Regional variations

Some parts of Myanmar, also known as Burma, were more restricted than others.

Based at Monash University in Australia, the IP Observatory, which tracks internet connectivity around the world, found that some regions were severely disrupted.

Magway region was reporting zero internet connectivity at one point.

Yangon region, which includes the country's largest city, dropped in connectivity to about 50% compared to normal times. Restricting internet in the major cities is likely to be more difficult, as users will have access to a wider variety of providers that may implement restrictions at different intensities and at different times.

Most regions are now reporting an increase in internet connectivity.

An individual protesting against the Myanmar coup
Getty Images

A history of disruption in Myanmar

The Myanmar government has restricted the internet before, especially in areas in Rakhine and Chin states, where the army is fighting local groups. Hundreds of thousands have been displaced by the conflicts.

Article 77 of Myanmar's Telecommunications Law, passed in 2013, is used by the government to cut off telecommunications during a national emergency.

However, human rights groups have called for the law to be amended to protect freedom of expression and have criticised the broad scope of the law.

There were also concerns that health information about Covid-19 was being restricted to some parts of the country, because of an internet shutdown in 2020.

How do governments do it?

A government can disrupt the internet by ordering internet service providers (ISP) to limit access.

This can include blocking particular sites, such as popular social media platforms. A message such as "server not found" or "this site has been blocked by the network administrator" will show up.

Another method is known as "throttling" - when the bandwidth to a website is limited, making the internet slow and frustrating to use.

Finally, telecoms providers can shut down all access to the internet.

In theory, a telecoms company could challenge a government order. But in countries where the government has a tight grip on the media and can threaten to revoke licences, the willingness to push back on such demands is limited.

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2021-02-01 16:06:00Z
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