Minggu, 13 Juni 2021

NATO summit: Joe Biden the focus of attention as alliance prepares to talk tough on China and Russia - Sky News

The US, Britain and other NATO allies are today expected to sharpen their language on the challenges posed by China, keep up pressure on Russia and for the first time make tackling climate change a security priority.

Joe Biden will be centre stage at the alliance's first leaders' summit since the pandemic began.

It will set out how NATO seeks to transform to deter new threats - from cyber attacks and fake news to super-fast missiles and space weapons that can destroy satellites.

The in-person gathering in Brussels comes ahead of the US president's first face-to-face meeting with his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin in Switzerland on Wednesday and follows a three-day summit of the G7 in Cornwall.

Russia's president told NBC News in an interview ahead of his meeting with Mr Biden that relations between Moscow and Washington were at their "lowest point".

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Putin: Russia-US relations at 'lowest point'

The new US leader is expected to reassure NATO of America's "ironclad commitment" to collective defence - words that could not contrast more starkly with those of his predecessor.

Donald Trump spent his presidency threatening to quit the alliance and berating allies for not paying their fair share. It made the usually carefully choreographed NATO meetings highly unpredictable and combustive.

More on China

In a sign of allies settling back into a more harmonious phase, the White House even released a statement on Sunday setting out key outcomes of the summit in advance.

They included a plan to revise a blueprint by next year that shapes everything NATO does.

The new "strategic concept" will "guide the alliance's approach to the evolving strategic environment, which includes Russia's aggressive policies and actions; challenges posed by the People's Republic of China to our collective security, prosperity, and values; and transnational threats such as terrorism, cyber threats, and climate change."

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2019: Trump warns NATO members to pay bills

NATO leaders will also approve a plan to update the alliance's cyber defences and seek to combat the greatest test for the planet - climate change.

As part of this new initiative, NATO will seek to lead the way in "understanding and adapting to the impact of climate change on security", the White House statement said.

For example, there will be increased chances of conflict as countries vie for diminishing access to resources like water and populations migrate.

Armed forces all NATO countries will also reduce greenhouse gases from their activities and bases - an area that is not well monitored at present.

Jens Stoltenberg, the NATO chief, said in a pre-summit news conference on Friday: "My ambition is a clear commitment from allies to significantly reduce military emissions and for NATO to contribute to the goal of Net Zero."

While there will be a strong display of unity at the summit, questions remain about whether the majority of allies have the political will and economic ability to commit the necessary funds to meet NATO's future vision, especially during a pandemic, according to observers.

NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg and Donald Trump at a summit in December 2019
Image: Donald Trump with NATO's Jens Stoltenberg and (below) the UK's Boris Johnson at the 2019 summit
HERTFORD, ENGLAND - DECEMBER 04: US President Donald Trump and British Prime Minister Boris Johnson onstage during the annual NATO heads of government summit on December 4, 2019 in Watford, England.

Britain's prime minister, fresh from hosting the G7, will stress the importance of security as the world attempts to rebuild from coronavirus.

"NATO is not just important to the UK's security, it is our security," Boris Johnson said in a statement released by his office.

"To meet new challenges and face down emerging threats. This will ensure NATO is still the bedrock of global defence for generations to come."

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NATO leaders, including Mr Biden, began arriving in the Belgian capital on Sunday ahead of the half-day summit later at the alliance's giant, glass headquarters.

Despite the relatively short length of the discussions, allies are expected to agree a lengthy communique which looks set to include a toughening of language about the challenges posed posed by China, according to three European sources.

Chinese President Xi Jinping (L) and Vice President Joe Biden raise their glasses in a toast during a luncheon at the State Department, in Washington, September 25, 2015. Xi's visit with President Barack Obama is expected to be clouded by differences over alleged Chinese cyber spying, Beijing's economic policies and territorial disputes in the South China Sea. REUTERS/Mike Theiler
Image: Chinese President Xi Jinping and then-vice president Joe Biden during a luncheon in Washington in 2015

China was mentioned for the first time in a NATO leaders' communique after the previous summit, hosted by the UK, in 2019 - when it was described as a challenge and an opportunity.

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The Daily Climate Show G7 special

Eighteen months later, this language is expected to give more of a sense of how Beijing, with its growing military power, poses a challenge to the world's democracies.

The allies will still stress areas of co-operation, including climate change.

But there is concern particularly in the US about the threat posed by a rising China, with officials accusing the ruling Chinese Communist Party of human rights abuses and attempting to undermine international rules established since the Second World War.

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2021-06-14 00:56:15Z
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Benjamin Netanyahu forced from power after 12 years by new Israeli coalition - BBC News - BBC News

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2021-06-13 21:19:02Z
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Netanyahu out as new Israeli government approved - BBC News

Benjamin Netanyahu and Naftali Bennett in the Knesset (13 June)
Reuters

Benjamin Netanyahu has lost his 12-year hold on power in Israel after its parliament voted in a new coalition government.

Right-wing nationalist Naftali Bennett has been sworn in as prime minister, leading a "government of change".

He will lead an unprecedented coalition of parties which was approved with a razor-thin majority of 60-59.

Mr Bennett will be prime minister until September 2023 as part of a power-sharing deal.

He will then hand power over to Yair Lapid, leader of the centrist Yesh Atid, for a further two years.

Mr Netanyahu - Israel's longest-serving leader who has dominated its political landscape for years - will remain head of the right-wing Likud party and become leader of the opposition.

During the debate in the Knesset (parliament), a defiant Mr Netanyahu promised: "We'll be back."

After the vote, Mr Netanyahu walked over to Mr Bennett and shook his hand.

However, representatives of the Palestinians have reacted dismissively to Israel's new government.

"This is an internal Israeli affair. Our position has always been clear, what we want is a Palestinian state on the 1967 borders with Jerusalem as its capital," a spokesman for Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas said.

"It is an occupation and a colonial entity, which we should resist by force to get our rights back," said a spokesman for Hamas, the Islamist group that controls Gaza.

US President Joe Biden has already sent his congratulations to Mr Bennett, saying he looks forward to working with him.

Why has this happened?

Mr Netanyahu served five terms, first from 1996 to 1999, then continuously from 2009 to 2021.

He called an election in April 2019 but failed to win enough support to form a new coalition government. Two more inconclusive elections followed.

After the third, he formed a government of national unity with then-opposition leader Benny Gantz, but the deal collapsed and Israel went back to the polls in March.

Likud emerged as the largest party, but after Mr Netanyahu was again unable to form a government, the task passed to Mr Lapid, whose party came second.

Anti-Netanyahu demonstrators outside parliament in Jerusalem for the vote (13 June)
Reuters

Opposition to Mr Netanyahu staying in power had grown, not just among the left and centre but also among right-wing parties that are ordinarily ideologically aligned to Likud, including Yamina.

Although Yamina came joint fifth in the election with only seven seats, its support was critical. After weeks of negotiations, Mr Lapid brought Yamina on board as part of a constellation of parties whose only common goal was to remove Mr Netanyahu from office.

The agreement involving eight factions with the 61 seats required for a majority was signed on 2 June, just half an hour before a deadline was due to expire, effectively sealing Mr Netanyahu's fate.

What will the new government be like?

In appearance, Mr Bennett's government will be unlike any which has preceded it in Israel's 73-year history.

The alliance contains parties which have vast ideological differences, and perhaps most significantly includes the first independent Arab party to be part of a potential ruling coalition, Raam. It is also expected to have a record number of nine female ministers.

The inclusion of Raam and left-wing non-Arab Israeli parties means there could be friction on issues such as Israeli policies towards Palestinians - Yamina and another right-wing party, New Hope, are staunch supporters of Jewish settlement in the Israeli-occupied West Bank, for instance.

There could also be difficulties over social policies - while some parties want to advance gay rights, such as recognising same-sex marriages, Raam, an Islamist party, is against this.

In addition, some parties want to relax religious restrictions more extensively than Yamina - a national-religious party - will likely allow.

Mr Bennett has indicated his government would focus on areas where agreement was possible, like economic issues or the coronavirus pandemic, while avoiding more contentious matters.

"Nobody will have to give up their ideology," he recently said, "but all will have to postpone the realisation of some of their dreams... We'll focus on what can be achieved, rather than arguing about what cannot."

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2021-06-13 19:17:27Z
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Netanyahu out as new Israeli government approved - BBC News

Benjamin Netanyahu and Naftali Bennett in the Knesset (13 June)
Reuters

Benjamin Netanyahu has lost his 12-year hold on power in Israel after its parliament voted in a new coalition government.

Right-wing nationalist Naftali Bennett has been sworn in as prime minister, leading a "government of change".

He will lead an unprecedented coalition of parties which was approved with a razor-thin majority of 60-59.

Mr Bennett will be prime minister until September 2023 as part of a power-sharing deal.

He will then hand power over to Yair Lapid, leader of the centrist Yesh Atid, for a further two years.

Mr Netanyahu - Israel's longest-serving leader who has dominated its political landscape for years - will remain head of the right-wing Likud party and become leader of the opposition.

During the debate in the Knesset (parliament), a defiant Mr Netanyahu promised: "We'll be back."

After the vote, Mr Netanyahu walked over to Mr Bennett and shook his hand.

US President Joe Biden has already sent his congratulations to Mr Bennett, saying he looks forward to working with him.

Why has this happened?

Mr Netanyahu has served a record-breaking five terms, first from 1996 to 1999, then continuously from 2009 to 2021.

He called an election in April 2019 but failed to win enough support to form a new coalition government. Two more elections followed, each of which ended inconclusively.

The third election resulted in a government of national unity where Mr Netanyahu agreed to share power with the then-opposition leader Benny Gantz. But the arrangement collapsed in December, triggering a fourth election.

Although Likud emerged as the largest party in the 120-seat Knesset, Mr Netanyahu was again unable to form a governing coalition and the task was handed to Mr Lapid, whose centrist Yesh Atid party had emerged as the second largest.

Anti-Netanyahu demonstrators outside parliament in Jerusalem for the vote (13 June)
Reuters

Opposition to Mr Netanyahu staying in power had grown, not just among the left and centre but also among right-wing parties that are ordinarily ideologically aligned to Likud, including Yamina.

Although Yamina came joint fifth in the election with only seven seats, its support was critical if any potential coalition government was to have a majority in parliament. After weeks of negotiations, Mr Lapid brought Yamina on board as part of a constellation of parties whose only common goal was to remove Mr Netanyahu from office.

The agreement involving eight factions with the 61 seats required for a majority was signed on 2 June, just half an hour before a deadline was due to expire, effectively sealing Mr Netanyahu's fate.

What will the new government be like?

In appearance, Mr Bennett's government will be unlike any which has preceded it in Israel's 73-year history.

The alliance contains parties which have vast ideological differences, and perhaps most significantly includes the first independent Arab party to be part of a potential ruling coalition, Raam. It is also expected to have a record number of eight female ministers.

The inclusion of Raam and left-wing non-Arab Israeli parties means there could be friction on issues such as Israeli policies towards Palestinians - Yamina and another right-wing party, New Hope, are staunch supporters of Jewish settlement in the Israeli-occupied West Bank, for instance.

There could also be difficulties over social policies - while some parties want to advance gay rights, such as recognising same sex marriages, Raam, an Islamist party, is against this.

In addition, some parties want to relax religious restrictions more extensively than Yamina - a national-religious party - will likely allow.

Mr Bennett has indicated his government would focus on areas where agreement was possible, like economic issues or the coronavirus pandemic, while avoiding more contentious matters.

"Nobody will have to give up their ideology," he recently said, "but all will have to postpone the realisation of some of their dreams... We'll focus on what can be achieved, rather than arguing about what cannot."

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2021-06-13 18:38:27Z
CBMiNWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmJiYy5jby51ay9uZXdzL3dvcmxkLW1pZGRsZS1lYXN0LTU3NDYyNDcw0gE5aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYmJjLmNvLnVrL25ld3Mvd29ybGQtbWlkZGxlLWVhc3QtNTc0NjI0NzAuYW1w

Netanyahu out as new Israeli government approved - BBC News

Benjamin Netanyahu and Naftali Bennett in the Knesset (13 June)
Reuters

Benjamin Netanyahu has lost his 12-year hold on power in Israel after the country's parliament voted in a new coalition government.

A new "government of change" will be led by right-wing nationalist Naftali Bennett of the Yamina party.

He will lead an unprecedented coalition of parties which was approved with a razor-thin majority of 60-59.

Mr Bennett will be prime minister until September 2023 as part of a power-sharing deal.

He will then hand power over to Yair Lapid, leader of the centrist Yesh Atid, for a further two years.

Mr Netanyahu - Israel's longest-serving leader who has dominated its political landscape for years - will remain head of the right-wing Likud party and become leader of the opposition.

During the debate in the Knesset (parliament), a defiant Mr Netanyahu promised: "We'll be back."

US President Joe Biden has already sent his congratulations to Mr Bennett, saying he looks forward to working with him.

Why has this happened?

Mr Netanyahu has served a record-breaking five terms, first from 1996 to 1999, then continuously from 2009 to 2021.

He called an election in April 2019 but failed to win enough support to form a new coalition government. Two more elections followed, each of which ended inconclusively.

The third election resulted in a government of national unity where Mr Netanyahu agreed to share power with the then-opposition leader Benny Gantz. But the arrangement collapsed in December, triggering a fourth election.

Although Likud emerged as the largest party in the 120-seat Knesset, Mr Netanyahu was again unable to form a governing coalition and the task was handed to Mr Lapid, whose centrist Yesh Atid party had emerged as the second largest.

Opposition to Mr Netanyahu staying in power had grown, not just among the left and centre but also among right-wing parties that are ordinarily ideologically aligned to Likud, including Yamina.

Although Yamina came joint fifth in the election with only seven seats, its support was critical if any potential coalition government was to have a majority in parliament. After weeks of negotiations, Mr Lapid brought Yamina on board as part of a constellation of parties whose only common goal was to remove Mr Netanyahu from office.

The agreement involving eight factions with the 61 seats required for a majority was signed on 2 June, just half an hour before a deadline was due to expire, effectively sealing Mr Netanyahu's fate.

What will the new government be like?

In appearance, Mr Bennett's government will be unlike any which has preceded it in Israel's 73-year history.

The alliance contains parties which have vast ideological differences, and perhaps most significantly includes the first independent Arab party to be part of a potential ruling coalition, Raam. It is also expected to have a record number of eight female ministers.

Knesset coalition
1px transparent line

The inclusion of Raam and left-wing non-Arab Israeli parties means there could be friction on issues such as Israeli policies towards Palestinians - Yamina and another right-wing party, New Hope, are staunch supporters of Jewish settlement in the Israeli-occupied West Bank, for instance.

There could also be difficulties over social policies - while some parties want to advance gay rights, such as recognising same sex marriages, Raam, an Islamist party, is against this.

In addition, some parties want to relax religious restrictions more extensively than Yamina - a national-religious party - will likely allow.

Mr Bennett has indicated his government would focus on areas where agreement was possible, like economic issues or the coronavirus pandemic, while avoiding more contentious matters.

"Nobody will have to give up their ideology," he recently said, "but all will have to postpone the realisation of some of their dreams... We'll focus on what can be achieved, rather than arguing about what cannot."

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2021-06-13 18:14:10Z
52781662829856

End of era in Israel as Netanyahu is ousted - Financial Times

Israel’s parliament is poised to vote in a new government later on Sunday, ending Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s 12-year grip on power after four elections and two years of political paralysis.

The vote will mark a historic change in the Jewish state’s leadership, replacing its longest-serving premier with Naftali Bennett, an ultranationalist whose Yamina party controls just six seats in the 120-member Knesset.

Bennett, a 49-year-old tech millionaire who bills himself as more rightwing than Netanyahu, will be premier for two years and is then expected to step down, and make way for Yair Lapid, a former TV anchor who runs the centrist Yesh Atid.

Lapid, 57, cobbled together an eight-party coalition that united the fringe-left and the hard-right with an Islamist party to oust Netanyahu. It is the first time in Israeli history that an Arab party will share power with a Zionist government.

Netanyahu, the 71-year-old standard bearer of the rightwing, has run Israel for 15 of the past 25 years. He has spent the last two weeks trying to pry apart the coalition, which will have a one-seat majority. He lambasted Bennett for joining forces with the centre and the left, describing it repeatedly as the “fraud of the century”.

He is set to enter opposition as a criminal defendant amid an ongoing trial on three charges of corruption. He has pled not guilty to all charges and has rejected the trial as a politically motivated witch hunt designed to end his premiership.

For Israelis, who have gone through four elections since April 2019 — three ended in a stalemate, while one yielded a shortlived unity government — the vote will signal at least a short intermission to political gridlock. The coalition is weak, and political analysts are already predicting its demise over a wide variety of disagreements — gay rights, the rights of Palestinian citizens of Israel and even the rights of non-Orthodox Jews to marry freely.

Netanyahu served as acting prime minister for much of the coronavirus pandemic, eventually sourcing enough vaccines to oversee one of the world’s fastest vaccination drives. But Israelis failed to reward that achievement with a clear victory for the rightwing bloc of parties in March elections.

Coalition-building among his rivals was interrupted by a fortnight of communal strife within Israel, accompanied by an 11-day aerial bombardment of the Gaza Strip to contain the Palestinian militant group Hamas and widespread revolts in the occupied West Bank.

More than 250 Palestinians were killed by Israeli security forces, and about a dozen were killed in Israel in the worst violence since the 2014 war with Hamas.

But opposition leaders — four of the parties are run by people Netanyahu personally groomed, then betrayed in one way or another — pulled together a coalition with little more than half an hour to spare before a deadline that would have triggered fresh elections.

It includes the Ra’am Islamist party, which represents the traditional Muslim vote among the 2m Palestinian citizens of Israel. It is joining the government in exchange for billions of dollars of investment for one of the most impoverished sections of Israeli society.

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2021-06-13 17:55:52Z
52781662829856

G7: World leaders promise one billion Covid vaccine doses for poorer nations - BBC News

Leaders of the major industrial nations have pledged one billion Covid vaccine doses to poor countries as a "big step towards vaccinating the world", Boris Johnson has said.

At the end of the G7 summit in Cornwall, the PM said countries were rejecting "nationalistic approaches".

He said vaccinating the world would show the benefits of the G7's democratic values.

There was also a pledge to wipe out their contribution to climate change.

After the first meeting of world leaders in two years, Mr Johnson said "the world was looking to us to reject some of the selfish, nationalistic approaches that marred the initial global response to the pandemic and to channel all our diplomatic, economic and scientific might to defeating Covid for good".

He said the G7 leaders had pledged to supply the vaccines to poor countries either directly or through the World Health Organization's Covax scheme - including 100 million from the UK.

The communique issued by the summit pledges to "end the pandemic and prepare for the future by driving an intensified international effort, starting immediately, to vaccinate the world by getting as many safe vaccines to as many people as possible as fast as possible".

Mr Johnson rejected suggestions the donation was a moral failure by the G7 as it was not enough to cover the needs of poorer countries.

He referred to the the UK's involvement in the development of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine.

"Already of the 1.5 billion vaccines that have been distributed around the world, I think that people in this country should be very proud that half a billion of them are as a result of the actions taken by the UK government in doing that deal with the Oxford scientists and AstraZeneca to distribute it at cost," he said.

He added that "we are going flat out and we are producing vaccines as fast as we can, and distributing them as fast as we can".

The target to vaccinate the world by the end of next year would be met "very largely thanks to the efforts of the countries who have come here today", Mr Johnson said.

line
Analysis box by Michelle Roberts, health editor

Vaccines provide a route out the pandemic, but only if they are distributed equitably around the globe based on need.

Currently, many richer nations have good access to doses for mass immunisation of their citizens, while some developing countries are yet to receive any.

The UK has bought enough vaccine to immunise its entire population several times over.

G7 nations, including the UK, have agreed to step up production and donate a billion doses, but that will take time.

The ambition is to vaccinate "the world" by the end of 2022.

The World Health Organization estimates at least 11 billion doses are needed to stand a chance of beating the virus, which is why critics say the G7 summit will go down as an unforgivable moral failure.

line

Mr Johnson also dismissed the suggestion that patents for vaccines should be waived in order to boost global supply, something which the US backed last month.

He said he wanted to protect "incentives for innovation" while building up manufacturing capacity, especially in Africa.

The communique calls for a "timely, transparent, expert-led, and science-based WHO-convened" investigation into the origins of Covid-19.

US President Joe Biden has previously said the US intelligence community is split on whether coronavirus came from human contact with an infected animal or from a lab accident - a theory rejected by China.

Mr Johnson said "the advice that we've had is it doesn't look as though this particular disease of zoonotic origin came from a lab", but he added: "Clearly anybody sensible would want to keep an open mind about that".

French President Emmanuel Macron said the international community needed clarity about the origins of the virus but said it was up to the WHO to investigate.

'Missed opportunity'

With G7 countries accounting for 20% of carbon emissions, Mr Johnson said: "We were clear this weekend that action needs to start with us."

He said as well as pledging to eliminate their own contributions to climate change, the G7 would phase out coal-fired power stations without carbon capture technology and raise $100bn (£70bn) to help poorer countries cut emissions.

But pressed on the lack of binding agreements and timetables, the prime minister says he will not "pretend our work is done" and he will be "on everybody's case" to make further progress ahead of the COP26 summit in Scotland later this year.

A woman being vaccinated in Gurugram, India
Getty Images

Kirsty McNeill from Crack the Crises, a coalition of charities and NGOs including Save the Children and Oxfam, said the G7 summit was a "historic missed opportunity" on Covid-19 and climate change.

Leaders arrived "with good intentions but without their cheque books", she said.

Joanna Rea, from Unicef UK, said the G7 pledge on vaccines was "the beginning of the action required to end this pandemic" but called for a "rapid acceleration of dose sharing in the next three months to ensure millions of vaccines get to the people in countries who need them the most".

In their communique, G7 leaders also pledged to:

  • reinvigorate their economies "with plans that create jobs, invest in infrastructure, drive innovation, support people, and level up so that no place or person, irrespective of age, ethnicity or gender is left behind"
  • "build back better" by establishing a clean, green growth fund for infrastructure developments in developing countries
  • support a green revolution that creates jobs, cuts emissions and seeks to limit the rise in global temperatures to 1.5 degrees. They also committed to net zero greenhouse gas emissions by no later than 2050
  • get 40 million more girls into education by 2026

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2021-06-13 15:28:34Z
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