Sabtu, 25 Februari 2023

Nigeria election 2023: Millions vote in tightest-ever poll - BBC

People in a lineReuters

Voting is under way in Nigeria's most competitive presidential election since military rule ended.

Since 1999, Africa's most populous country has been dominated by two parties - the ruling APC and the PDP.

But this time, there is also a strong challenge from a third-party candidate - the Labour Party's Peter Obi, who is backed by many young people.

Current President Muhammadu Buhari is stepping aside after serving two four-year terms.

His All Progressives Congress (APC) is represented by former Lagos governor Bola Tinubu, while former Vice-President Atiku Abubakar is standing for the main opposition Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). There are a total of 18 presidential candidates.

The lead-up to the polls has been overshadowed by a cash shortage caused by a botched attempt to redesign the currency, leading to widespread chaos at banks and cash machines as desperate people sought access to their money.

The new notes were introduced in order to tackle inflation, and also vote-buying. On the eve of the election a member of the House of Representatives was arrested with almost $500,000 (£419,000) in cash, and a list of people he was supposed to give it to, police say.

Whoever wins will have to deal with the currency redesign, a crumbling economy, high youth unemployment, and widespread insecurity which saw 10,000 killed last year.

After the killing of a senatorial candidate on Wednesday by suspected gunmen from the separatist group, Ipob, the parliamentary election was postponed in the south-eastern Enugu East constituency.

The election has seen a huge interest from first-time voters and young people - a third of the 87 million eligible voters are below 35 - which may lead to a high voter turn-out than the 35% recorded in 2019.

"It is my responsibility and I have seen how important it is to vote," 19-year-old first-time-voter Blessing Ememumodak told the BBC in Lagos.

Mr Obi, 61, is hoping to break up Nigeria's two-party system after joining the Labour Party last May.

Although he was in the PDP before then, he is seen as a relatively fresh face and enjoys fervent support among some sections of Nigeria's youth, especially in the south.

The wealthy businessman served as governor of the south-eastern Anambra State from 2006 to 2014. His backers, known as the "OBIdients" say he is the only candidate with integrity, but his critics argue that a vote for Obi is wasted as he is unlikely to win.

Instead, the PDP, which ruled until 2015, wants Nigerians to vote for Atiku Abubakar, 76 - the only major candidate from the country's mainly Muslim north.

He has run for the presidency five times before - all of which he has lost. He has been dogged by accusations of corruption and cronyism, which he denies.

Most of his career has been spent in the corridors of power, having worked as a top civil servant, vice-president and a prominent businessman.

Most people consider the election a referendum on the APC, which has overseen a period of economic hardship and worsening insecurity.

Its candidate, Bola Ahmed Tinubu, 70, is credited with building Nigeria's commercial hub Lagos, during his two terms as governor until 2007.

He is known as a political godfather in the south-west region, where he wields huge influence, but like Mr Abubakar, has also been dogged by allegations of corruption over the years and poor health, both of which he denies.

Voting began at 08:30 local time (07:30 GMT), though anyone in the queue before polls close at 14:30 will be allowed to vote.

Elections are also being held for 109 federal senators and 360 members of the house of representatives, with that for governors holding in March.

A woman in green hijab
Reuters

The Independent National Electoral Commission (Inec) has promised free and fair elections, and has dismissed talk of postponement amid fears of insecurity in parts of the country and the cash shortage that many feared might affect its preparations.

It is the first time Inec will conduct national elections using the Bimodal Voter Accreditation System (BVAS), a facial and fingerprints technology that is thought to improve transparency by making it harder for politicians to rig the process.

Final results have been announced on the third day after voting in the last two elections, but they may come in earlier this time because of BVAS, which also uploads vote results directly to the Inec website direct from polling stations.

A candidate needs to have the most votes and 25% of ballots cast in two-thirds of Nigeria's 36 states to be declared the winner

If no-one achieves that, there will be a run-off within 21 days - a first in Nigeria's history.

Nigeria election graphic

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2023-02-25 01:49:11Z
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Ukraine war: Zelensky wants Xi Jinping meeting following China's peace plan - BBC

Volodymyr ZelenskyAFP via Getty Images

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky has said he plans to meet China's leader Xi Jinping to discuss Beijing's proposals on ending the war in Ukraine.

Speaking on the first anniversary of Russia's full-scale invasion, he said the proposal signalled that China was involved in the search for peace.

"I really want to believe that China will not supply weapons to Russia," he said.

China's plan calls for peace talks and respect for national sovereignty.

However, the 12-point document does not specifically say that Russia must withdraw its troops from Ukraine, and it also condemns the usage of "unilateral sanctions", in what is seen as a veiled criticism of Ukraine's allies in the West.

The Chinese authorities have so far not publicly responded to Mr Zelensky's call for a summit with Mr Xi.

Meanwhile, Russia hailed the Chinese peace proposals. "We share Beijing's views," the foreign ministry in Moscow said in a statement.

Earlier this week, US Secretary of State Antony Blinken said Beijing was considering supplying weapons and ammunition to Russia - a claim strongly denied by Beijing. On Friday, American media again reported that the Chinese government was considering sending drones and artillery shells to Moscow.

Asked about the Chinese plan, US President Joe Biden told ABC News on Friday: "[Russian President Vladimir] Putin's applauding it, so how could it be any good?

"I've seen nothing in the plan that would indicate that there is something that would be beneficial to anyone other than Russia," he added.

China appears to be siding with Russia, though it would like to find a way of rescuing President Putin by arranging some kind of face-saving peace deal, says the BBC's World Affairs Editor John Simpson.

The Chinese proposals follow a visit by the country's top diplomat Wang Yi to Moscow, where he met President Putin and Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov on Wednesday.

After the talks, Mr Wang was quoted by China's state-run Xinhua news agency as saying that Beijing was willing to "deepen political trust" and "strengthen strategic coordination" with Moscow.

Western officials gave the latest proposals a lukewarm reception. Nato chief Jens Stoltenberg said Beijing "doesn't have much credibility" because it had "not been able to condemn the illegal invasion of Ukraine".

President Putin launched the full-scale invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022, and Russian troops made significant advances during the first few days in Ukraine's north, east and south.

But the attack on the capital Kyiv was soon repulsed and the Ukrainian military was later able to retake large areas.

The conflict - the biggest in Europe since World War Two - has since become a grinding war of attrition.

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At a lengthy news conference in Kyiv on Friday, Mr Zelensky also said victory "will inevitably await us" if allies "respect their promises and deadlines".

Poland said it had already delivered four German-made Leopard II tanks to Ukraine and was ready to deliver more. Germany has said it will provide 14 Leopard tanks, with Spain and Canada also sending tanks.

The US - by far the biggest provider of military aid to Ukraine - has pledged to send 31 of its M1 Abrams tanks and the UK is providing 14 Challenger 2 tanks.

The Ukrainian leader added that his country had failed to engage sufficiently with countries in Africa and Latin America after many nations in those continents abstained during a UN General Assembly vote on a resolution condemning Russia's invasion.

"We didn't work well for many years, we didn't pay attention, I think it's a big mistake," he said.

Asked if he could name his worst moment of the war so far, Mr Zelensky said Bucha, a town outside Kyiv where Russian troops are accused of having killed civilians in the early part of the war. The small town had been under Russian control until Ukrainian troops fought back last April to reclaim it.

"What I saw. It was horrible," Mr Zelensky said, visibly moved.

The US marked a year since Russia invaded Ukraine by announcing a new range of sanctions against Russia and new aid for Ukraine.

The latest restrictions target more than 100 entities both within Russia and worldwide, including banks and suppliers of defence equipment. The US said it wanted to stop those helping Russia exploit loopholes to get sanctioned materials.

The White House's fresh round of aid for Ukraine is worth $12bn (£10bn), comprising $2bn from the Department of Defense including ammunition and drones and $10bn from the State Department including budgetary support to the Ukrainian government.

A further $550m will be supplied to both Ukraine and neighbouring Moldova to strengthen their energy infrastructure.

Moldova is Europe's poorest country and has been heavily impacted by the war. Its leaders have warned for several weeks that Russia is plotting to seize power.

It comes days after US President Joe Biden flew to Kyiv for a surprise visit and held talks with Mr Zelensky.

On Friday, the EU also approved its 10th round of sanctions against Russia, imposing restrictions on technology that has a civilian and military dual use.

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2023-02-25 00:37:53Z
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Jumat, 24 Februari 2023

China's support for Russia taints Ukraine 'peace' plan, western officials say - Financial Times

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2023-02-24 16:57:21Z
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US attempts to win over UN members who are neutral on war in Ukraine - The Guardian

The US has launched a fresh bid to win over abstaining and neutral states by urging them not to be fooled by Russian calls for a temporary or unconditional ceasefire in Ukraine, warning that a peace plan proposed by China drew “false equivalence” by calling on both sides to stop fighting.

US secretary of state Antony Blinken was speaking at a highly charged meeting of the UN security council where he reminded his fellow diplomats that the Russian envoy only a year ago had dismissed his warnings that Moscow was about to launch an invasion of Ukraine.

Blinken was speaking the day after more than 40 countries at the General Assembly refused to join 141 other nations in backing a motion calling on Russia to withdraw from Ukraine unconditionally. A fierce diplomatic battle is under way to persuade many of these neutral states that abstaining or calling for peace at any price amounts to an endorsement of Russia’s invasion.

Faced by the new Chinese call for a ceasefire, Blinken warned that Russia will use any pause in fighting to consolidate control of territory and replenish its forces.

He urged: “Don’t fall for the false equivalency of calling both sides to stop fighting. No member of this council should call for peace while supporting Russia’s war on Ukraine and on the UN Charter. In this war there is an aggressor and there is a victim”. Blinken added: “This war is one for conquest. The fact remains one man started this war, Vladimir Putin, and one man can end it.”

The secretary of state said he heard “the concerns of countries that worry that standing with Ukraine diverts focus and resources for those in need in other countries”. But he said “look at our actions” pointing out “in addition to the $13.5bn in food aid the US had provided to fight food hunger, we also fund 40% of the UN world food programme budget, Russia contributes less than 1 % of that budget. That is not an outlier. The US donates nine times as much as Russia to UN peacekeeping, 390 times as much to Unicef and 1,000 times as much to the UN refugee agency.”

The Ukrainian foreign minister, Dmytro Kuleba, given permission to speak early in the debate despite the objections of Russia, accused Putin of using Russia’s permanent seat on the security council as “a throne of impunity”.

He attacked China’s claim that the west was throwing fuel on the fire by giving arms to Ukraine. He said: “Ukraine needs weapons, just as a firefighter needs water to extinguish a fire that is destroying your home, killing innocent people. The sooner and the more we get, the sooner the fire will be extinguished. Arming a country that defends itself from aggression is absolutely legitimate and is an act of defending the UN Charter”.

Kuleba also portrayed Russia as a disruptive force not just in Europe but globally. “The geography of Russian crimes against international peace and security goes far beyond the borders of Ukraine and reaches Africa, Asia and the Middle East. Russia not only incites conflicts, but also systematically obstructs UN security council decisions needed to resolve them.”

He argued: “Yesterday Russia argued that this council is overly focused on Ukraine and ignores problems of the rest of the world. Let us all remember the truth. Russia is the problem of the world.”

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Such is the tension between Russia and Ukraine that when Kuleba called for a minute’s silence to remember the victims of aggression, Vasily Nebenzya, the Russian envoy, refused saying instead he would stand for all those killed since the conflict started in 2014.

António Guterres, the UN secretary general, also urged doubters to accept that the war was about universal principles. He said: “The purposes and principles embedded in the United Nations Charter are not a matter of convenience. There are many words on paper, they are at the core of who we are. And they reflect the driving mission of our United Nations. And they exist precisely to address any grievance, whatever it may be.”

Nebenzya denied any goal to destroy Ukraine, saying: “Russia just wants to restore a friendly neighbour that does not want to resurrect nazism or behave like a Russophobic wasp’s nest.”

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2023-02-24 22:55:00Z
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China's support for Russia taints Ukraine 'peace' plan, western officials say - Financial Times

What is included in my trial?

During your trial you will have complete digital access to FT.com with everything in both of our Standard Digital and Premium Digital packages.

Standard Digital includes access to a wealth of global news, analysis and expert opinion. Premium Digital includes access to our premier business column, Lex, as well as 15 curated newsletters covering key business themes with original, in-depth reporting. For a full comparison of Standard and Premium Digital, click here.

Change the plan you will roll onto at any time during your trial by visiting the “Settings & Account” section.

What happens at the end of my trial?

If you do nothing, you will be auto-enrolled in our premium digital monthly subscription plan and retain complete access for 65 € per month.

For cost savings, you can change your plan at any time online in the “Settings & Account” section. If you’d like to retain your premium access and save 20%, you can opt to pay annually at the end of the trial.

You may also opt to downgrade to Standard Digital, a robust journalistic offering that fulfils many user’s needs. Compare Standard and Premium Digital here.

Any changes made can be done at any time and will become effective at the end of the trial period, allowing you to retain full access for 4 weeks, even if you downgrade or cancel.

When can I cancel?

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2023-02-24 15:11:49Z
1774272960

Kamis, 23 Februari 2023

European Commission bans staff using TikTok on work devices over security fears - The Guardian

The EU’s executive body has banned its thousands of staff from using TikTok over cybersecurity concerns, a decision the Chinese-owned social video app has criticised as “misguided” and based on “fundamental misconceptions”.

The European Commission sent an email to employees ordering them to delete the app from all work phones and devices, and any personally owned ones that use the commission’s apps and email. Employees have until 15 March to comply.

A spokesperson said: “This measure aims to protect the commission against cybersecurity threats and actions which may be exploited for cyber-attacks against the corporate environment of the commission. The security developments of other social media platforms will also be kept under constant review.”

The commission said it had enacted the ban in line with its “strict internal cybersecurity policies” and longstanding advice to staff to “apply best practices when using social media platforms and keep high-level of cyber awareness in their daily work.

“It is therefore our duty to respond as early as possible to potential cyber alerts,” the spokesperson said.

ByteDance, the privately owned parent company of TikTok, has denied there were any data security concerns related to its products and said it wanted to “set the record straight” with the commission.

“We are disappointed with this decision, which we believe to be misguided and based on fundamental misconceptions,” said a spokesperson for TikTok. “We have contacted the commission to set the record straight and explain how we protect the data of the 125 million people across the EU who come to TikTok every month.”

ByteDance said it was continuing to strengthen its approach to security, including recently announcing the establishment of three new datacentres in Europe to ensure users’ information was stored locally and not exported to foreign jurisdictions, such as China.

The company is also reducing employee access to data – an internal report released by ByteDance in December found that four employees violated policies by inappropriately accessing data on TikTok users in the US – and “minimising data flows outside of Europe”.

Governments and officials in Europe and the US have taken similar steps to the commission to limit use of the app by employees amid fears that data may be accessed by Beijing.

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Last summer, a lobbying campaign by Conservative MPs resulted in the closure of the @ukparliament TikTok account.

In the US, TikTok has been banned on all federal government devices, and most US states have imposed similar bans. Other countries including the Netherlands are assessing whether to implement restrictions on government employees using TikTok.

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2023-02-23 11:40:00Z
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Asylum backlog at record high, Home Office figures show - BBC

Child in blanket walks towards coastguardPA Media

The number of asylum seekers waiting for a decision on their case in the UK has soared to record levels, with about 166,000 people in the backlog.

Almost 110,000 have been waiting for six months or more, according to Home Office data published on Thursday.

The new figures show about 89,000 people claimed asylum in the UK in 2022, the highest for 19 years.

On Wednesday the Home Office announced plans to streamline the system by scrapping interviews in some cases.

The move aims to reduce the asylum backlog which Prime Minister Rishi Sunak wants to see largely eradicated by the end of this year.

Instead of a face-to-face interview, some 12,000 asylum seekers from Afghanistan, Eritrea, Libya, Syria and Yemen will fill in a 10-page questionnaire in English.

Applicants from these countries already have 95% of their asylum claims accepted, says the Home Office.

Officials say claimants will undergo a face-to-face interview if caseworkers are not satisfied with the information provided in the questionnaire.

There were higher numbers of asylum claims in some European countries than in the UK in 2022, statistics indicate. For example, there were nearly 218,000 claims in Germany, more than 137,000 in France and 116,000 in Spain.

The Home Office figures show in the UK overall, more than three quarters (75%) of asylum decisions made in 2022 were in favour of granting asylum, the highest in more than 30 years.

However the actual number of decisions made in 2022 was 10% below the level before the pandemic.

And the figures also suggest that while the number of asylum caseworkers has doubled since the pandemic, each worker is less productive. In early 2020, seven decisions were made by each worker each month, now it is four decisions a month.

Graphic showing sharp growth in asylum backlog since 2010

The 166,000 backlog includes people waiting for the outcome of appeals as well as for initial decisions. This figure is a rise of 60% on last year and is more than 160,000 for the first time.

Of those whose applications were refused, 2,192 people were returned - either forcibly or voluntarily - in the year to the end of September. This number is much lower than in previous years.

In 2010, 10,663 failed asylum seekers were returned, although Home Office officials say the way asylum returns data is collected has recently improved.

When forcible returns are considered separately, the figure for last year was 489, compared with almost 6,800 in 2010.

Conservative party chairman Greg Hands said: "We need to get to grips with the backlog... Absolutely we're committed to the safety and security of this country.

"There's still a very strong process in place. We're talking here about cases that would be granted, we're just going to do it more quickly in a more streamlined way whilst making sure that public safety is secure."

Shadow home secretary Yvette Cooper said: "After 13 years of failure, today's figures underline the shocking mess the Conservatives have made of the asylum system."

Ms Cooper said Labour would "take more decisions, secure new agreements with Europe, and crack down on the criminal gangs".

"Rishi Sunak needs to stop posturing and start getting the basics right."

Additional reporting by Maryam Ahmed, Harriet Agerholm and Jack Rodgers

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2023-02-23 15:04:43Z
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