Jumat, 07 Oktober 2022

Ukraine round-up: Nobel peace prize and Putin's fading dreams - BBC

Staff at the Centre for Civil Liberties celebrate winning the Nobel Peace PrizeGetty Images

In what has been viewed by many as a rebuke of Russian President Vladimir Putin, a Belarusian activist and two groups from Russia and Ukraine have been given the Nobel Peace Prize for championing human rights and democracy.

The Nobel Committee said the prize was "not awarded against anyone".

Belarusian Ales Bialiatsky, who is being held in prison without trial, is the founder of a human rights centre which supports people jailed for protesting against the country's authorities. We have this profile of him.

Memorial is a Russian human rights group, disbanded last year by authorities.

And the Ukrainian Centre for Civil Liberties (CCL) documents persecution by Russian forces in Ukraine.

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Exiled Russian journalists

On a similar theme, BBC Monitoring's Jennifer Monaghan has spoken to journalists who fled Russia after facing threats over their reporting on Ukraine.

Almost all of Russia's leading independent media outlets are now based abroad.

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Putin's dream of Russian victory slipping away

Analysis box by Sarah Rainsford, Moscow correspondent

Even as Russia's president signed his illegal annexation treaties in the Kremlin, Ukrainian forces were advancing inside the areas he had just seized.

Hundreds of thousands of men have been fleeing Russia rather than be drafted to fight in an expanding war.

And things are going so badly on the battlefield that Mr Putin and his loyalists are now reframing what they once claimed was the "de-Nazification" of Ukraine and the protection of Russian speakers as an existential fight against the entire "collective" West.

That is the truth and none of it is on Russia's side.

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Zelensky: Russians being prepared for nuclear war

Ukraine's President Zelensky speaks with the BBC's John Simpson

Following the latest series of warnings and threats over nuclear war, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky says Russian officials have begun to "prepare their society" for the possible use of nuclear weapons, but he adds that he does not believe Russia is ready to use them.

In an interview in Kyiv with the BBC's John Simpson and Hugo Bachega, he said: "They are not ready to do it, to use it. But they begin to communicate. They don't know whether they'll use or not use it."

"I think it's dangerous to even speak about it," he added.

He also called for further sanctions on Russia.

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Europe's energy crisis

A woman turns the heating down
Getty Images

Europe is continuing to prepare for an energy crisis in winter over a drop in Russian gas supplies since the invasion of Ukraine.

People will be told to turn their heating down by one degree, and off for an extra hour a day, while the heating in public buildings will also be reduced.

Meanwhile in the UK, the prime minister's office has blocked a plan to encourage household energy-saving.

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Putin's unusual birthday present

We're not sure if a tractor was Mr Putin's dream gift when he turned 70 on Friday, but that didn't stop his Belarusian ally, Alexander Lukashenko, whose country boasts a tractor works.

A Belarusian tractor
Getty Images

Mr Lukashenko was visiting his fellow strongman's home city, St Petersburg, for talks.

Some social media users noted the irony of such a gift: the humble tractor became an early symbol of Ukrainian resistance to the Russian invasion after farmers were seen towing away abandoned military vehicles.

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2022-10-07 20:33:32Z
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UK energy crisis will be worse next year than this year, expert warns - Daily Mail

Think this winter's energy crisis will be bad? Next year's will be WORSE: As Britons are warned of blackouts, expert says we'll be harder-hit than Germany and the crisis could last YEARS

  • Britain has been warned of blackouts this winter if conditions turn harsh, after Russia cut off gas to Europe 
  • But expert has told MailOnline that next winter will be tougher, after we burn through stockpiled gas supply 
  • Britain is potentially in a worse position than Germany - which was hugely reliant on Russian supplies - because our economy uses more gas overall and we buy a lot of it from Europe 
  • And crisis may continue for up to a decade until transfer from fossil fuels to renewables is complete, he adds 

Amidst warnings of three-day blackouts and industry shut-downs in Britain if the months ahead turn particularly cold, you might be forgiven for thinking that this is the winter of our discontent.

Well, think again. 

James Rogers, co-founder of the think-tank Council on Geostrategy, has warned MailOnline that next winter actually looks bleaker. He explains that we will have burned through our gas stockpiles by then and won't be able to refill them using cheap Russian imports, because we've sanctioned them.

And, despite this country's relatively low reliance on gas directly from Russia, he believes we are likely facing a harder time than Germany - which was hugely dependent on Kremlin fuel before Putin cut the supply - because we depend on gas for more of our total energy use. 

The solution is to swap away from fossil fuels to renewables and nuclear, he argues, but such a project may take a decade to complete and Europe'e energy supply will remain vulnerable until then. 

'In Germany the problem is quite extreme but it is mostly a political problem, because gas provides only around 15% of their power needs,' he explained. That means Germany can make up the shortfall from sources such as nuclear and coal - provided the government can get the militant green lobby on side.

Whereas in the UK 'we have become just so dependent on gas,' Mr Rodgers adds. 'We have come to rely on gas for over 40% of our power needs. The problem here is that North Sea supplies have been drying up since the late 1990s, forcing us to buy more from the world market. 

'But due to Russia's aggression, Europe is competing with us to buy up gas internationally.'

Top: A heat map shows how dependent each country is on gas for its energy, which is also shown in the table bottom left. Bottom right, a second table shows how much of that gas each country gets from Russia
While Britain imports almost none of its gas directly from Russia, we do import a lot from Europe - which is running short after Putin turned off the taps. And we rely on gas for a greater share of our energy than almost any other European nation

Mr Rogers is of the belief that the energy crisis this year should be manageable under reasonable-case scenarios. But next winter, he argues, will be a different story.

That's because most European storage was filled this year using gas bought from Russia, before supplies were placed under sanction and Putin turned the taps off.

Come next spring, a lot of that stored gas will have been burned and the continent won't be able to fall back on Russia as a supplier of last resort. The US, where fracking has led to a plentiful supply, will try to make up some of the shortfall by liquefying it and shipping it across the Atlantic in special cargo vessels. 

Gulf states, the other big exporters of liquid gas, have so-far proved unwilling or unable to increase supplies. 

But most European countries lack the highly-specialised ports needed to receive the liquid gas, and don't have the pipe networks in place to get it from the few ports they do have to countries where it is needed.

He added: 'Due to its storage capacity, the EU is in a situation where it can probably see out this winter, but what about next winter when the storages have run out? 

'At the moment there aren’t enough [liquid gas] facilities in Poland, Germany, or the Baltics to import it. We need to be opening up gas fields in North Sea, improving connectivity between Atlantic Coast and Central Europe and building more processing facilities in the Baltics and southern Europe so gas can come from the US and the Gulf. 

'It can be done but it is going to require a strong political and economic effort. 

'Countries in Central Europe are all pretty firmly allied, it would be politically difficult for any of them to start buying Russian gas again - with the exception of Hungary. 

'It remains to be seen whether countries in Western and Southern Europe will crack, including Germany, particularly if there is a particularly cold winter. If a significant recession bites then it will increase pressure.

Europe is criss-crossed by gas pipes running from Russia, but Nord Stream 1 and 2 are out of action after being hit by explosions, Yarmal was turned off after Poland refused to pay Russian in rubles, and Russia is now threatening to shut down the Transgas line that runs through Ukraine

'There is no quick, easy fix. It is politically and economically costly no matter what solution you come to and that cost will keep going up.'

And, under the UK's government's current plans, it is households that will bear the cost because it will be paid for out of general taxation.

Mr Rogers also predicts that it could be up to a decade for the crisis to be fully resolved if the UK follows EU plans to switch to renewables. And even then, the plan could face problems.

That's because renewables aren't reliable. The sun doesn't always shine and the wind doesn't always blow. There has to be some backup built into the system that can be quickly and easily turned on and off to cover shortfalls.

Mr Rogers says: 'That's where things like small, modular nuclear reactors come in. In theory, you could have one in every city to make up for the shortfalls.

'Fracking is potentially a short-term solution to the problem's we're facing, but we're a small country with a dense population. It shouldn't be discounted but it can't be seen as a long-term solution.'

Whatever the long-term solution is, Europe looks set to pay a high price for decades of over-reliance on Russian energy over the short and medium term. Having missing opportunities to wean ourselves off the supply, we must now face the reality of having to go cold turkey.

That legacy is partly an accident. Huge parts of what is now Europe - Poland, the Baltics, and Ukraine - found themselves reliant on Russian energy supplies after the Soviet Union collapsed.

But it was also the result of deliberate policy-making, particularly in West German where the theory of Ostpolitik - 'eastern policy' - took hold in the late 1960s and sought rapprochement instead of conflict with the eastern bloc.

The theory was that, instead of out-competing the Communists in East Germany and beyond, the best way to win them over was through cooperation and trade that would convince them to change their ways.

Russia has cut most gas supplies to Europe: The Nord Stream 1 and 2 pipes (file) shut down before suffering an attack that has rendered them inoperable. The Yarmal pipe has been closed off, and Moscow is threatening to close another in Ukraine

A particularly fruitful avenue for trade was in energy: West Germany needed gas, Russia had it in abundance, so pipelines were built and the supplies started flowing in the early 1980s.

That policy continued through the 1990s and deepened even further with the advent of the environmentalist movement, because burning gas emits less carbon that other fossil fuels and was seen as a useful stop-gap between coal-fired power stations and renewables.

Britain largely avoided becoming linked into Russian pipeline networks because during this period we were supplying almost all our own energy from gas and oil reserves in the North Sea.

But, as the North Sea fields dried up in the 2000s, we steadily became more reliant on imports from Europe - buying from the likes of Norway, the Netherlands and Belgium. 

Until February, when Putin invaded Ukraine using billions of dollars gained from Russia's energy exports to finance his war, European policy was actually geared towards becoming even more dependent on gas from Moscow.

The huge Nord Stream 2 pipe connecting Russia with Germany had just been completed and only awaited a sign-off from Berlin to begin pumping, which would have doubled the amount of gas flowing under the Baltic Sea.

But Chancellor Scholz ruled out opening the pipe almost as soon as Russian troops crossed the border - and it has since suffered an underwater sabotage attack which German engineers believe may have put it out of action permanently. Nord Stream 1, the other pipe running to Germany, was also blown up.

While Russia does still have some pipelines running into Europe - through Poland, Ukraine and Turkey - they have only a fraction of the capacity, and the Polish line was turned off earlier this year after the government refused to pay Putin in rubles. The Kremlin is also threatening to turn off the Ukraine pipe.

All of which means there is no easy way back for European governments, even if they wanted to, and they are now having to rush forward with plans that would otherwise have taken decades to play out.

While few doubt that the result will be beneficial - greater energy security for Europe from more-sustainable sources that do less damage to the environment - the adjustment is likely to be brutal.

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2022-10-07 12:58:51Z
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Kamis, 06 Oktober 2022

Thailand shooting: 38 killed by ex-policeman in nursery gun and knife attack - The Times

Twenty-four young children, some aged only two, were among 38 people shot and stabbed to death by a former police officer who went on a rampage at a nursery school in Thailand yesterday.

Video of the aftermath of the attack showed parents wailing and hugging each other after rushing to the scene of the atrocity in a small community in Nong Bua Lamphu province in the rural northeast. Hours earlier, they had dropped off their toddlers for the day at the pre-school centre, a pink, single- storey building surrounded by a lawn and small palm trees, in Uthai Sawan, 310 miles northeast of Bangkok.

The gunman — identified as Panya Khamrab, 34, — fled in his car after the massacre, running down more people and

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2022-10-06 18:35:00Z
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EU and Norway agree 'joint tools' to tackle Europe's gas crisis - Financial Times

Norway and the EU have agreed to “jointly develop tools” aimed at reducing Europe’s high gas prices, as Brussels rushes to find both effective and politically acceptable measures to tackle a looming energy crisis this winter.

Oslo said it would work with Brussels to “stabilise energy markets and limit the impact of market manipulation and of price volatility”, in a move that could spur efforts to narrow EU divisions on how to tackle soaring prices caused by Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine.

Norway, which replaced Russia as the EU’s biggest supplier of gas after the invasion, said it would continue to boost production and take steps “to reduce excessively high prices in a meaningful way in the short and longer term”, in a joint statement released by Norway’s prime minister Jonas Gahr Støre and European Commission president Ursula von der Leyen.

Oslo’s pledge came as a meeting of 44 leaders in Prague on Thursday aimed at showing a united front against Russia’s war was overshadowed by rifts inside the EU on whether to impose a price cap on wholesale gas.

That initiative is opposed by countries including Germany and the Netherlands which fear it could result in lower supplies as producers secure higher prices elsewhere. Arriving at the Prague summit, Poland’s prime minister Mateusz Morawiecki said “it cannot be the case that the EU’s energy policy is dictated by Germany”.

Støre used his speech to the summit plenary to say Oslo had “flexibility” to increase exports and that it was “ready to explore” EU proposals, according to two people briefed on his remarks.

Kaja Kallas, prime minister of Estonia, said EU states would on Friday discuss the wider implications of Norway’s commitment, adding that Tallinn is keen to bring down prices but also afraid of driving away suppliers.

“[Liquefied natural gas] can go to anywhere in the world. So if there is a price cap, then our security of supply could be in danger,” she told the Financial Times.

French president Emmanuel Macron and Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan in Prague, Czech Republic, on October 6 2022
France’s president Emmanuel Macron, left, talks with Turkey’s leader Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, centre, at the meeting in Prague, Czech Republic © Turkish Presidential Press Service/AFP/Getty Images

Proposed by Paris as a means to co-ordinate views from Lisbon to Ankara, the European Political Community grouping saw UK prime minister Liz Truss and Turkey’s president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan huddle with the EU’s 27 leaders and those from 15 other states.

Ahead of the meeting, Truss said it was a chance to “find common cause with our European friends and allies” as they try to defeat Russian president Vladimir Putin’s war in Ukraine. Moscow and its client state Belarus are the only two continental powers that were not invited to the forum, which will discuss other issues such as European defence.

The participation of Truss was seen by many EU officials as a sign that London could be open to compromise over trading arrangements that have dogged the post-Brexit relationship.

Charles Michel, president of the European Council, hailed the event as “extremely important”. The meeting would “try to renew the co-ordination and co-operation in order to have more stability, more security, more peace”, he said.

As he arrived at Prague castle, Emmanuel Macron, president of France, said the summit sent a “message of unity”, but went on to criticise the planned gas pipeline connecting Spain and France, which Germany wants to see built in order to access the Iberian gas market.

Germany’s chancellor Olaf Scholz maintained his position on Berlin’s €200bn energy aid package, saying on his way into the meeting that other countries were also passing measures to offer relief to citizens struggling with energy bills.

While British officials were keen to steer clear of Brexit, Mark Rutte, prime minister of Netherlands, told reporters on Thursday: “The relationship between the UK and the EU will be on the agenda.”

The UK and EU have agreed to restart technical talks over trade arrangements in Northern Ireland that could solve the dispute. London’s non-compliance with the deal it signed has triggered legal action by Brussels.

But the UK’s commitment to the EPC could wane if there are not concrete achievements, British officials have said.

One ally of Truss said: “The PM remains sceptical for a number of reasons — it can’t just be a talking shop, it needs to not cut across Nato and the G7, and must have strong involvement from non-EU countries. It has to show it can deliver.

“But given the situation in Ukraine and the energy crisis it’s right we attend. We played a huge role in setting the agenda on energy and migration.”

Truss’s key demand is that the EU and Norway keep supplying power to the UK.

Truss has also said she wanted joint action with France and the Netherlands to stop criminal gangs helping migrants cross the English Channel. She was scheduled to meet Macron and Rutte on the margins of the summit.

EU leaders are staying on for an informal European Council meeting on Friday, which is likely to focus on the energy crisis.

Additional reporting by George Parker in London and Valentina Pop in Prague

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2022-10-06 15:40:53Z
CAIiEGqDvBTs4l_ERyzLNc1Q-GEqFwgEKg8IACoHCAow-4fWBzD4z0gw0tp6

Rabu, 05 Oktober 2022

Vladimir Putin signs laws annexing four Ukrainian regions as Russian troops pushed back on battlefield - Sky News

Vladimir Putin has signed laws absorbing four Ukrainian regions into Russia, finalising the annexation of the occupied territories in defiance of international outcry.

It follows the so-called referenda in Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson and Zaporizhzhia, rejected as a sham by Ukraine and the West.

The areas being annexed are not even under full control of Russian forces.

Ukraine war live updates

Together with Crimea, which Russia annexed in 2014, President Putin's total claim amounts to more than 22% of Ukrainian territory, though the exact borders of the four regions he is annexing are still yet to be finally clarified.

The move comes despite Ukrainian troops making "rapid, powerful" advances in the south and east of the country and liberating "dozens" of settlements over the past week - according to Volodymyr Zelenskyy.

Defence forces have continued to make significant gains in Kherson Oblast while simultaneously continuing advances in Kharkiv and Luhansk Oblast.

More on Russia

On the battlefield on Wednesday morning, multiple explosions rocked Bila Tserkva, setting off fires at what was described as infrastructure facilities in the city to the south of the capital Kyiv, regional leader Oleksiy Kuleba said on Telegram.

Early indications are that the city was attacked by so-called "kamikaze" or suicide drones, he said.

Bila Tserkva is about 50 miles south of Kyiv.

Read more:
Czechs donate £1.1m to buy Soviet-era tank
Ukraine forces Russian troops out of key city

In his nightly video address on Tuesday, President Zelenskyy said: "The Ukrainian army is advancing in quite a rapid and powerful manner in the south of the country within the context of the current defence operation.

"This week alone, since the Russian pseudo-referendum, dozens of population centres have been liberated.

"These are in Kherson, Kharkiv, Luhansk and Donetsk regions altogether."

Meanwhile, EU member countries have agreed on another round of sanctions against Russia over its aggression against Ukraine, the Czech EU presidency said on Wednesday.

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Recaptured Ukrainian town 'left in tatters'

Also, a senior US expert has told Sky News that President Putin's mounting problems in Ukraine make Russia's use of a tactical nuclear weapon more likely.

John Bolton, a former US national security adviser and ambassador to the United Nations, said that the Russian president is in "greater trouble than at any point since the invasion".

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2022-10-05 10:48:00Z
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Bus plunges into Indian gorge leaving 25 members of wedding party dead - Sky News

At least 25 people travelling as part of a wedding party have died after a bus plunged into a gorge after leaving the road in northern India.

Police told the Press Trust of India news agency there were 45 to 50 people on board the bus when it fell into the ravine in Pauri district in Uttarakhand state on Tuesday evening.

State police and the disaster response force worked alongside locals to rescue 21 people at the site of the crash, police chief Ashok Kumar tweeted.

Vijay Kumar Jogdande, a senior government officer, said they would be carrying out an investigation into the incident and will conduct post-mortems after retrieving the bodies from the site.

Officials were seen clearing the area of bushes and trees to help with the rescue operation as they pulled up an injured person.

Rescuers also retrieved a dead body using ropes, before they were taken away on a stretcher.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi said all possible assistance will be given to those affected.

More on India

"In this tragic hour my thoughts are with the bereaved families. I hope those who have been injured recover at the earliest," he tweeted.

Deadly road accidents are common in India due to reckless driving, poorly maintained roads and ageing vehicles.

More than 110,000 people are killed every year in road accidents across India, according to police.

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2022-10-05 13:07:41Z
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County Kerry: Man dies and woman injured after assault at family funeral - BBC

Rathass Cemetery in Tralee Google

At a glance

  • A man in his 40s has died and a woman injured after being assaulted in County Kerry.

  • Irish broadcaster RTÉ reported they understood the altercation broke out at the end of a funeral service.

  • Police are appealing for witnesses.

A man has died and a woman has been injured following a fatal assault in County Kerry.

The incident took place at New Rath Cemetery in Rathass in Tralee.

Irish broadcaster RTÉ reported they were husband and wife and had been attending a family funeral.

Gardaí (Irish police) and emergency services attended the scene following reports of an altercation involving a group of people.

Officers added that a man in his 40s was found with serious injuries and pronounced dead at the scene by paramedics.

RTÉ reported it was understood the altercation broke out at the end of the service during which the man received fatal stab wounds.

The woman, in her 40s, was taken to University Hospital to be treated for non-life threatening injuries.

Speaking to PA, the mayor of Tralee, Mikey Sheehy, said the incident was "disturbing" and "shocking".

"This type of incident is shocking at any time or anywhere, but obviously the fact that this has happened in the town's graveyard adds another level to that."

Gardaí said the coroner had been notified and appealed for witnesses to come forward.

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2022-10-05 16:56:33Z
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