Chairman of joint chiefs tells troops to 'uphold the constitution' and says National Guard are under governors' orders in public rebuke to Donald Trump - as retired generals slam president and Jim Mattis compares him to NAZIS
- Retired four-star General John Allen bashed Donald Trump Wednesday for his response to the nationwide unrest over George Floyd's death
- He specifically called out police clearing Lafayette Park with tear gas and rubber bullets so Trump could walk across the street to visit a church for a photo-op
- 'It may well signal the beginning of the end of the American experiment,' Allen said of the church visit where Trump held up his bible for photos
- Also denounced use of U.S. Military to quell rioters in Washington, D.C.
- The comments came after former Defense Secretary James Mattis, for the first time since he was fired, publicly chastised the president on Wednesday
- 'Donald Trump is the first president in my lifetime who does not try to unite the American people - does not even pretend to try,' Mattis wrote in an op-ed
- Trump fired back, calling Mattis 'overrated': 'His primary strength was not military... I didn't like his 'leadership' style or much else about him'
- Current Defense Secretary Mark Esper said Wednesday that active duty forces should only be used for law enforcement in the homeland as a 'last resort'
- The Army later announced a sudden reversal on a plan to start withdrawing active duty troops from around Washington
A retired Marine Corp four-star general lashed out at Donald Trump Wednesday claiming his actions in the midst of violent nationwide riots over the death of George Floyd are 'shameful.'
John Allen, who commanded the International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan then was an envoy in the international effort against ISIS, insisted Trump's presidency could be the 'beginning of the end of American democracy.'
'The slide of the United States into illiberalism may well have begun on June 1, 2020,' Allen wrote in an op-ed published to ForeginPolicy.com on Wednesday. 'Remember the date. It may well signal the beginning of the end of the American experiment.'
The retired general is referencing a Monday outing when President Trump stepped outside the White House, walked across Lafayette Park, which was clear of protesters minutes earlier by use of tear gas and rubber bullets, and arrived at St. John's Episcopal Church for a photo-op with his bible.
The stunt came in the midst of days-long peaceful and violent protests across the nation over the death of George Floyd at the hands of a white cop in Minneapolis, Minnesota on Memorial Day.
Allen's comments against Trump followed the president's former Defense secretary, James Mattis' first ever open criticism of his former boss, which was published in the form of an opinion piece in The Atlantic on Wednesday.
'Donald Trump is the first president in my lifetime who does not try to unite the American people - does not even pretend to try. Instead, he tries to divide us,' Mattis said in a rare quip against the president.
Mattis also compared the president to Nazis.
Trump's Senate ally Lindsey Graham accused Mattis Thursday morning of 'buying into' the 'liberal media' narrative.
'To General Mattis, I think you're missing something here, my friend,' the senator from South Carolina told Fox & Friends 'You're missing the fact that the liberal media has taken every event in the last three and a half years and laid it at the presidency.'
'I'm not saying he's blameless,' Graham continued in rare partial criticism of Trump, 'but I am saying you're buying into a narrative that I think is quite frankly unfair.'
He conceded, however, that 'Mattis has the right to express himself because of his military service.
'General Mattis as the right to express himself because he's served the country over a long period of time put himself at risk for the nation,' Graham said. 'But the one thing I would tell General Mattis that from the time President Trump wakes up, to go to bed there's an effort to destroy his presidency.'
Allen, who has also spent his life in public service, expressed in his op-ed his opposition to the president's mobilization of the U.S. Military to ward off and quell rioters and condemned Trump's comparison of the violent protesters ravaging cities to 'domestic terrorists.'
Mostly, however, the president of the Brookings Institute – often referred to as a liberal-centrist think tank – was disappointed in the use of force to clear the way for a presidential photo-op.
'[T]he president proclaimed himself the 'ally of peaceful protesters.' But, at that very moment, just a few hundred feet away across Lafayette Park, fully equipped riot police and troops violently, and without provocation, set upon the peaceful demonstrators there, manhandling and beating many of them, employing flash-bangs, riot-control agents, and pepper spray throughout,' Allen wrote.
Retired Marine General John Allen (left) and former Defense Secretary Jim Mattis (right), both retired four-star Marine generals, denounced the president's decision to call in the U.S. Military to assist with rioters
Allen (pictured left with an Iraqi tribal leader in 2007) denounced Donald Trump's actions in the midst of nationwide unrest, claiming his presidency could be the 'beginning of the end of the American experiment'
He also called out Trump's Monday walk from the White House, across Lafayette Park to St. John's Episcopal Church for a photo-op with his bible, claiming: 'The slide of the United States into illiberalism may well have begun on June 1, 2020'
!['[T]he president proclaimed himself the 'ally of peaceful protesters.' But, at that very moment, just a few hundred feet away across Lafayette Park, fully equipped riot police and troops violently, and without provocation, set upon the peaceful demonstrators there, manhandling and beating many of them, employing flash-bangs, riot-control agents, and pepper spray throughout,' Allen wrote](https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2020/06/04/14/29218302-8388109-image-a-13_1591275611522.jpg)
'[T]he president proclaimed himself the 'ally of peaceful protesters.' But, at that very moment, just a few hundred feet away across Lafayette Park, fully equipped riot police and troops violently, and without provocation, set upon the peaceful demonstrators there, manhandling and beating many of them, employing flash-bangs, riot-control agents, and pepper spray throughout,' Allen wrote
The four-star general's comments came the same day former Defense Secretary James Mattis broke his silence on Trump's leadership and revealed he is 'angry and appalled' at his handling of the George Floyd protests
On Monday, law enforcement forced peaceful demonstrators from the park ahead of Trump's short visit to the church across Pennsylvania Avenue from the North Lawn of the White House.
Trump pushed back against Mattis' comments on Wednesday, claiming he is the 'world's most overrated general' after the Marine veteran denounced the president's leadership in the face of the nationwide protests.
Mattis spoke out for the first time publicly since his acrimonious December 2018 exit from the White House by blasting Trump as making a 'mockery of the Constitution' in a fiery statement shared Wednesday.
Although Mattis has alluded to criticism of his former boss in the past, he has never been this forthcoming with his disappointment in the president.
Trump was quick to fire back to fire back in a two-part tweet with some key false facts.
'Probably the only thing Barack Obama & I have in common is that we both had the honor of firing Jim Mattis, the world's most overrated General. I asked for his letter of resignation, & felt great about it,' Trump tweeted Wednesday evening.
'His nickname was 'Chaos', which I didn't like, & changed to 'Mad Dog,' Trump added.
While Trump claimed that he fired Mattis, the general had submitted his resignation after he disagreed with Trump's decision to pull US forces out of Syria.
Donald Trump was quick to fire back against his former Defense secretary, claiming he is the 'world's most overrated general' after the official published a scalding op-ed denouncing the president's leadership on Wednesday
His military call sign was 'Chaos' which stands for 'Colonel Has Another Outstanding Suggestion'. He was given his nickname 'Mad Dog', which Mattis reportedly does not like, years before Trump came into office.
'His primary strength was not military, but rather personal public relations. I gave him a new life, things to do, and battles to win, but he seldom 'brought home the bacon'. I didn't like his 'leadership' style or much else about him, and many others agree. Glad he is gone!' Trump added.
Mattis' op-ed was his first time publicly castigating the president, condemning the flexing of military might against George Floyd protests, which he calls a legitimate response to demands for equal justice.
White House Press Secretary Kayleigh McEnany defended the president and criticized Mattis as ineffectual.
'Former Secretary Mattis' 'article' is little more than a self-promotional stunt to appease the DC elite. President Donald Trump is the law and order President that has restored peace to our nation's streets. Mattis' small words pale in comparison to POTUS' strong action.'
In his statement Mattis, a four-star Marine general, compared Trump's tactics of seeking to 'divide' the nation to that of the Nazis.
'Instructions given by the military departments to our troops before the Normandy invasion reminded soldiers that 'The Nazi slogan for destroying us … was 'Divide and Conquer,' he writes. 'Our American answer is 'In Union there is Strength.' We must summon that unity to surmount this crisis - confident that we are better than our politics.'
White House Press Secretary Kayleigh McEnany condemned Mattis' article, calling it 'a self-promotional stunt to appease the DC elite'
60 Minutes Correspondent John Dickerson said that he wrote a profile on Mattis 11 years ago, noting that Mattis' had the nickname 'Mad Dog' years before Trump was in office, and it was a nickname he disliked
His statement about Trump seeking to divide the nation immediately follows.
'We are witnessing the consequences of three years of this deliberate effort. We are witnessing the consequences of three years without mature leadership. We can unite without him, drawing on the strengths inherent in our civil society,' he continues.
He pointedly takes on Trump's photo-op Monday, where the president brandished a bible in front of St. John's Church after protesters were cleared from the area. He writes that he is 'angry and appalled' by unfolding events.
'We know that we are better than the abuse of executive authority that we witnessed in Lafayette Square. We must reject and hold accountable those in office who would make a mockery of our Constitution. At the same time, we must remember Lincoln's 'better angels,' and listen to them, as we work to unite,' Mattis wrote.
He called for unity and calm. 'This will not be easy, as the past few days have shown, but we owe it to our fellow citizens; to past generations that bled to defend our promise; and to our children.'
His blistering article comes as other former military officials, including former head of the joint chiefs of staff Admiral Mike Mullen, blasted Trump for seeking to 'politicize' the military.
Mattis also wholeheartedly backs those marching for changes to U.S. policing after the death of George Floyd, who is black, at the hands of a white police officer – even singling out a 'small number of lawbreakers' who have undertaken property damage, which left a swath of buildings in downtown D.C. with shattered windows.
'It is a wholesome and unifying demand—one that all of us should be able to get behind. We must not be distracted by a small number of lawbreakers. The protests are defined by tens of thousands of people of conscience who are insisting that we live up to our values—our values as people and our values as a nation,' writes Mattis.
He also blasts a comment by Secretary of Defense Mark Esper, whose job is already in jeopardy, for his comment calling for governors to 'dominate the battlespace' in U.S. cities.
'We must reject any thinking of our cities as a 'battlespace' that our uniformed military is called upon to 'dominate.' At home, we should use our military only when requested to do so, on very rare occasions, by state governors. Militarizing our response, as we witnessed in Washington, D.C., sets up a conflict—a false conflict—between the military and civilian society,' he writes.
'It erodes the moral ground that ensures a trusted bond between men and women in uniform and the society they are sworn to protect, and of which they themselves are a part.'
Mattis also joined Allen in denouncing the 'bizarre photo-up' that Trump ordered up, as federal police backed up by the National Guard cleared away peaceful protesters in Lafayette Park.
'When I joined the military, some 50 years ago, I swore an oath to support and defend the Constitution,' writes Mattis. 'Never did I dream that troops taking that same oath would be ordered under any circumstance to violate the Constitutional rights of their fellow citizens—much less to provide a bizarre photo op for the elected commander-in-chief, with military leadership standing alongside.'
Mattis indicated when he resigned his post that he felt an obligation to keep comments to himself. 'There is a period in which I owe my silence. It's not eternal. It's not going to be forever,' he said at the time.
While he was in office, Mattis stood out among other cabinet officials for failing to shower the president with over-the-top praise at public events.
Behind the scenes, there were clashes, as his former spokesman Guy Snodgrass recounted in his tell-all.
Mattis even told aides he would rather 'swallow acid' than allow Trump to throw a $50 million 'Victory Parade' in the nation's capital.
Trump tapped Mattis along with other high-profile military officers to staff his administration. He was nicknamed the 'Warrior Monk' and and quoted Homer and Sun Tzu.
Esper was fighting for his job Wednesday even as authorities seek to gain control of the nation's streets – as he contradicted President Donald Trump on use of a special military authority and the Army announced a sudden reversal on a plan to start withdrawing active duty troops from around Washington.
The day featured sudden turnarounds and contradicting explanations about a photo-op that both Esper and the president joined in on Monday, with no clear plan about how regular military, National Guard forces, local police, and outside forces are coalescing to attempt to maintain order.
About 200 members of the Army's 82nd Airborne division were to have departed the D.C. region on Wednesday – only to have the order suddenly reversed after Esper paid a visit to the White House following a morning press conference where he tried to distance himself from the infamous photo-op at St. John's church Monday.
The the change came after Esper's White House meeting and internal discussions at the Pentagon, Army Secretary Ryan McCarthy told the Associated Press in an on-record statement.
It came hours after a 10am order to draw down some of the 1,600 forces – including infantry members – who had been positioned outside Washington, D.C., and after the White House declined to say Trump had confidence in Esper, who succeeded 'acting' secretaries and who himself filled such a role after the departure of Gen. James Mattis.
Esper told reporters Wednesday he was opposed to invoking the 1807 Insurrection Act to send the U.S. military to impose control of cities – even as the president talked tough on Twitter and ordered an infantry battalion to Washington, D.C.
It was a statement that caught the White House off guard at a time President Trump is brandishing his maximum authority – and could put Esper's job in jeopardy.
Esper made the public statement of opposition to the idea after the White House publicly floated it on Monday – and after the administration took heat for the use of tear gas and rubber bullets to clear protesters out of Lafayette Park just before Esper joined President Donald Trump at a photo-op.
The decision to maintain the force that had been flown into the region comes even as protests overnight Tuesday were calmer then they were the night of the Lafayette Park incident.
It came as it was revealed that Maryland and Virginia governors had refused to send their national groups to the nation's capital, which has a longstanding struggle over home-rule with federal authorities.
Trump loyalist Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis said he would send 500 guard troops.
Esper also sought to back away from the photo-op itself, saying that while he knew he would be going to the church, he thought he would be visiting troops. He ended up posing with Trump and officials including Attorney General Bill Barr, who the White House said ordered the action Monday morning, only to discover it hadn't occurred hours later.
'What I was not aware of was exactly where we were going when we arrived at the church and what the plans were once we got there,' Esper said. He also tried to walk-back a comment that referred to U.S. cities as 'battle-space.' 'In retrospect I would use different wording' he said of his conference call with Trump and governors,' he said.
Just hours after he spoke at the Pentagon, Defense officials said some of the active duty military troops flown into the Washington region to deal with civil unrest were being sent home.
About 200 members of the 82nd Airborne were to depart the region Wednesday, officials told the Associated Press. They are among a group of 1,600 infantry and military police being held at basis in Maryland and Virginia outside Washington, after President Trump repeatedly urged use of military force to regain control of city streets across the country.
Esper made his public comments while facing ratcheting political pressure. 'I say this not only as secretary of defense, but also as a former soldier and a former member of the National Guard,' Esper told reporters at a Pentagon press conference as he announced his position.
'The option to use active duty forces in a law enforcement role should only be used as a matter of last resort and only in the most urgent and dire of situations,' he said.
'We are not in one of those situations now. I do not support invoking the Insurrection Act,' he added.
Esper's public rebellion raised immediate questions inside the White House over how long he can survive.
'As of right now secretary Esper is still Secretary Esper, and should the president lose faith we will all learn about that in the future,' white House Press Secretary Kayleigh McEnany said when asked if Trump still has confidence in him.
McEnany was asked if Esper had made his views on the Insurrection Act known to the president before his public statement, as well as whether Trump had confidence in him.
'As of right now secretary Esper is still Secretary Esper,' said White House press secretary Keyleigh McEnany
'Not that I'm aware of in terms of expressing his opinion,' she responded. 'And I wouldn't get into the private conversations that went on here in the White House. And with regard to whether the president has confidence, I would say if he loses confidence in Secretary Esper I'm sure you all will be the first to know,' she said.
McEnany referred to the Insurrection Act – which Esper argued publicly against – as a 'tool' the president could use.
'The president has the sole authority to invoke the Insurrection Act. It is definitely a tool within his power. This president has one singular aim, it is protecting america's streets. We cannot have burning churches,' she said, referencing the damage to St. John's on Sunday night.
'The Insurrection Act is a tool available,' she said.
Esper also defended the chairman of the joint chiefs of staff, Army General Mark Milley, for walking around the White House dressed in combat uniform, saying it was 'appropriate,' after a series of retired generals voice anger at both men's conduct and warned they were politicizing the military.
Esper, a former member of the D.C. National Guard, spoke hours after the Pentagon announced the composition of active-duty forces being dispatched to Washington, D.C. - but just after he spoke, some of those federal troops were ordered home amid signs of mounting concern inside the senior military ranks at their involvement in the capital.
A total of 1,600 forces were moved to bases in the area as a 'prudent planning measure in response to ongoing support to civil authorities operations,' the Pentagon said.
'The Department of Defense moved multiple active duty Army units into the National Capitol Region as a The Secretary of Defense authorized the movement of an infantry battalion designated Task Force 504, assigned to the Army's Immediate Response Force based at Fort Bragg, North Carolina,' it said in a statement.
'I do not support invoking the Insurrection Act,' said Defense Secretary Mark Esper, who said active duty forces should only be used for law enforcement in the homeland as a 'last resort'
His public statement comes despite a report by the New York Times that Esper favored use of the Act, as did Vice President Mike Pence. The paper reported that Chairman of the Joint Chiefs Mark Milley was against the idea, believing he had enough Guard troops in place to provide support. Attorney General Bill Barr, who reportedly authorized the clearing of the park, favored deferring to states' rights on the issue, the paper reported.
Esper made the statement at a press conference where he also claimed he had no idea where he was going when Trump led members of his administration on a walk to St. John's Episcopal Church for a controversial photo shoot.
He also insisted he had 'no idea' that force would be used to clear out peaceful protesters ahead of the staged trip.
The performance may not have gone over well at the White House. President Trump was 'not happy' with it, CNN reported – after Esper put distance between himself and the White House both on the photo-op and on the Insurrection Act.
Even as Esper cautioned against exercising the authority to use military troops at home, Trump continued to broadcast his 'law and order' posture on Twitter. The Pentagon's Northern Command also dispatched troops from the 16th Military Police Brigade headquarters from Fort Bragg and the 91st Military Police Battalion from Fort Drum, New York.
Esper's blunt opposition to using the Insurrection Act came amid some signs of new success by police in gaining order. Events on the street were calmer in New York City on the second night of a curfew officials imposed after looting in Manhattan.
Last night we took a step forward in moving out of this difficult period we've had the last few days and moving to a better time,' Mayor Bill de Blasio said.
The NYPD blocking 5,000 protesters from entering Manhattan by holding them up on the Manhattan Bridge after a standoff, making 280 arrests.
Trump claimed on Tuesday that the city was 'totally out of control'. On Wednesday, he said the National Guard was 'ready'.
There was also more calm in Washington, D.C., where law enforcement installed a new security fence after clearing Lafayette Square. Thousands marched on the White House and the U.S. Capitol, but there was less tension and there was not a repeat of a rash of vandalism that ocrurred Sunday night.
A large gathering of peaceful protesters booed a man who ripped down a 16th Street sign near the White House, at the spot where police moved on another batch of peaceful protesters Monday.
Trump demanded Wednesday that police 'get tough' after a sixth night of nation-wide protests – but privately, the president is backing off his plan to send in federal troops to stifle rioters.
While President Trump launched a more than 35-tweet tirade Wednesday morning, in part claiming that the violent protesters are 'domestic terrorists,' he also abandoned his idea to dispatch the military after officials claimed local governments should take charge, the Associated Press reported.
Trump told members of his cabinet over the last week that he wants to send the military into American cities – a proposal that led to a heated yelling-match between those supporting the notion and those opposed.
Vice President Mike Pence and Defense Secretary Mark Esper supported the idea, claiming it would give the federal government quicker control over the situation than if it were to take over and activate the National Guard.
Attorney General Bill Barr and Joint Chiefs of Staff General Mark Milley, however, warned against the plan.
Barr was concerned with infringing on states' rights if the military were deployed to different cities across the country facing riots and Gen. Milley assured the president he had enough force in D.C. to secure the city.
He also did not want to put active-duty military in such a domestic role.
The divide over the plan grew tentious during the Monday morning discussion as administration officials began raising their voices at one another, according to The New York Times.
Protesters leave the Manhattan Bridge after being stopped by police last night during an 8pm curfew which thousands ignored but which was followed by less rampant destruction than on previous days in New York City
The NYPD stopped 5,000 protesters from entering Manhattan by blocking them on the Manhattan Bridge on Tuesday night. The protesters retreated after 2 hours
5,000 protesters were stopped from entering Manhattan after walking across the Manhattan Bridge on Tuesday night
New report: Donald Trump has privately backed down on his demand that active duty military be deployed to quell riots after administration officials raised their voices in debating the plan
The decision to abandon the plan came Monday as police fired tear gas and rubber bullets at protesters in front of St. John's Episcopal to disperse the crowd for the president's photo-op in front of the church, which was set on fire in Sunday riots outside the White House
Even though he privately abandoned the plan to show even a greater image of force in the nation's capital, Trump still told police Wednesday to 'get tough' as riots continued in cities across the country in a sixth night of violent protests in the wake of George Floyd's death
Trump finally decided to break with his original plan and instead opted for a stunt where law enforcement dispersed protesters with tear gas and rubber bullets from Lafayette Park, across from the North Lawn of the White House.
After protesters were cleared, the president walked across the park to St. John's Episcapol church, which was set on fire in riots Sunday night, for a photo-op with his bible and members of his cabinet.
Administration officials privately acknowledged Monday's events did not do the administration any justice.
Even some Republican lawmakers who are typically in sync with the president said Trump went too far in using force to clear the way for his less than five-minute visit to the church.
'There is no right to riot, no right to destroy others' property, and no right to throw rocks at police,' Nebraska Republican Senator Ben Sasse said. 'But there is a fundamental — a constitutional — right to protest, and I'm against clearing out a peaceful protest for a photo op that treats the Word of God as a political prop.'
On Tuesday, a senior White House official said the president wanted to make the aggressive action an example for the rest of the country.
Despite his decision not to deploy the military, Trump continued to insist that 'The National Guard is ready!' on Twitter Wednesday.
He has continuously urged governors to activate the National Guard in their states so cities destroyed by rioters could be policed by the Army reservist unit.
Trump shared images of his Twitter of Fifth Avenue in New York City boarding up all of its high-end businesses after several were looted and destroyed in riots in the past week as he again promoted activating the National Guard.
'LAW & ORDER!' he urged in another tweet .
President Trump claimed Wednesday that protesters are acting as 'domestic terrorists' and told law enforcement to 'get tough' on rioters.
'CNN says there are some fine people marching with the looters and domestic terrorists,' Trump shared in a retweet from comic strip creator and satire author Scott Adams.
He also urged in another tweet: 'Get tough police!' after law enforcement in Milwaukee, Wisconsin revealed Tuesday night that violent protesters threw molotov cocktails at their force.
'Molotov cocktails are lethal force, and from their very origins, a 'weapon of war' (thanks Finland!),' Buck Sexton, who formerly worked for the CIA and NYPD Intelligence Division, wrote on Twitter – and the president shared to his profile.
'If you throw a Molotov cocktail at police, you should spend a very long time in prison,' Sexton, who now hosts a podcast, continued.
The Twitter tirade from Trump comes after a sixth night of violent protests broke out across the country in the wake of George Floyd's death – and the president is seeking to make the use of force in Washington, D.C an example for other cities experiencing mayhem.
Demonstrators continued to flood the nation's capital – even past the 7:00 p.m. city-wide curfew – but not nearly as much destruction was done Wednesday night as night's prior
The president sent out a more than 35-tweet tirade where he asserted the 'National Guard is ready!' as stores had to prepare for more nights of riots, looting and arson by boarding up their windows
Officials claim the president wanted to make Washington, D.C. an example of the 'show of force' other cities should implement to quell the violence
On Tuesday evening, 700 soldiers dressed in riot gear and armed with bayonets arrived at military bases near Washington, and another 1,400 were prepared to mobilize
Defense officials revealed that Trump, before abandoning the plan, considered using 'tanks' or other armored military vehicles to help restore order, and threatened to deploy active duty military across the country to quell the unrest.
The revelation of a more 'dominating' approach to taking control of the streets of D.C. comes as 700 soldiers dressed in riot gear and armed with bayonets arrived at two military bases near Washington on Tuesday evening.
Another 1,400 were also brought in and prepared to mobilize as the nation's capital braced for another night of chaos.
Hundreds of members of the Army's 82nd Airborne Division were called earlier after Trump promised a more aggressive approach on the violence and riots unfolding across the country.
Defense officials told the Associated Press that the U.S. Military and National Guard were operating under the mission name 'Operation Themis' - named after the titaness of divine law and order.
Trump asserted Monday evening in a Rose Garden address to the nation that he is America's 'law and order president.'
As Trump made the remarks on Monday, law enforcement officials were pushing out hundreds of protesters from Washington's Lafayette Park, ahead of the district's 7:00 p.m. curfew.
A senior White House official, who spoke on the condition of anonymity, revealed on Tuesday that Trump hoped to make the aggressive action in Washington an example for the rest of the country.
On Monday night, military helicopters also hovered over demonstrators in a tactic to disperse the crowds.
Two Pentagon officials also told AP that the president had ordered military aircraft to fly above the capital as a 'show of force' against violent protesters.
President Donald J. Trump returns after posing with a bible outside St. John's Episcopal Church after delivering remarks in the Rose Garden at the White House in Washington
Many of the protesters stood firm as the helicopters made several passes overhead
Videos posted to Twitter showed demonstrators quaking beneath deafening gusts
They did not say how many or what type of aircraft had been mobilized.
Videos and photographs posted on social media showed helicopters flying low over buildings and hovering just above groups who were on the street despite a district-wide curfew.
Law enforcement paired the tactic with heavy use of tear gas, pellets and chemical spray as protesters marched toward the White House.
Trump's tactics were decried on Tuesday by some fellow Republicans as well as his presumptive Democratic opponent Joe Biden.
Show-of-force missions are designed to intimidate and, in combat zones, warn opposing forces of potential military action if provoked.
Three senior defense officials also told The Daily Beast that the idea of deploying military forces was being pushed by the White House, not the Pentagon.
The sources revealed Trump consulted with aides about using military vehicles or 'the kind of hardware' used by the armed forces, to help bring the chaos under control.
Hundreds of army soldiers armed with bayonets arrived at two military bases near Washington on Tuesday evening (pictured: 82nd Airborne Division soldier holding a bayonet in 2015)
One official said Trump did not specifically order 'tanks' to patrol the streets, but said he mentioned it in discussions because 'I think that is just one of the military words he knows'.
It comes as 700 soldiers dressed in riot gear and armed with bayonets arrived at two military bases near Washington on Tuesday evening, while another 1,400 are preparing to mobilize, as the nation's capital braces for another night of chaos.
Hundreds of members of the Army's 82nd Airborne Division were called earlier after Trump promised a more aggressive approach on the violence and riots unfolding across the country.
Defense officials told AP the US military and National Guard were operating under the mission name 'Operation Themis' - named after the titaness of divine law and order.
Moments after the historic Lafayette Park was cleared of protesters on Monday, Trump walked across to pose with a Bible in front of a church damaged by fire during protests the previous evening.
He hoped his personal walk to the church would send a message about how dominant force could restore law and order, sources said.
Protesters hold their hands up and try to steady themselves as a military helicopter flies low pushing a strong vertical down wash of air (rotor wash) onto the crowd
'D.C. had no problems last night. Many arrests. Great job done by all. Overwhelming force. Domination,' Trump tweeted Tuesday, after a night in which heavily armed military forces and federal officers swarmed the city.
Trump added: '(thank you President Trump!).'
In an evening address in the Rose Garden on Monday, Trump called on governors to ramp up the National Guard presence in their states to tamp down the protests.
If they didn't abide by those orders, Trump said, he would dispatch the military to their states - a step rarely taken in modern American history.
'SILENT MAJORITY!' Trump tweeted Tuesday, embracing a phrase popularized by President Richard Nixon decades ago, in claiming broad support for his actions. Trump also emphasized the political importance of the moment to his supporters on Twitter and declared that 'My Admin has done more for the Black Community than any President since Abraham Lincoln.'
The District of Columbia's federal status gives the president outsized authority to act, allowing him to direct the deployment of the National Guard.
He authorized Attorney General William Barr to oversee a surge in the deployment of federal law enforcement officers, including the FBI's Hostage Rescue Team and agents from the Drug Enforcement Agency.
Defense Secretary Mark Esper and Gen. Mark Milley, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, sought to distance themselves from Monday night's events after former military officials criticized their appearance with the president.
Senior defense officials told reporters the two were not aware that the Park Police and law enforcement had made a decision to clear the square or that Trump intended to visit the church.
They had been in Washington to coordinate with federal law enforcement officials but were diverted to the White House to brief Trump on military preparations, the officials said.
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2020-06-04 13:52:30Z
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